Sin

Lion
City
the

BRIEF HISTORY
While the earliest known historical
records of Singapore are shrouded in
the mists of time, a third century
Chinese account describes it as "Puluo-chung", or the "island at the
end of a peninsula".
Later, the city was known as
Temasek ("Sea Town"), when the
first settlements were established
from AD 1298-1299.

BRIEF HISTORY
According to legend during the 14th
century, Sang Nila Utama, a Prince
from Palembang (the capital of
Srivijaya), was out on a hunting trip
when he caught sight of an animal he
had never seen before. Taking it to be
a good sign, he founded a city where
the animal had been spotted, naming
it The Lion City or Singapura,
from the Sanskrit words singa
(lion) and pura (city).

BRIEF HISTORY
During the 18th century, the British saw the
need for a strategic "halfway house" to
refit, feed and protect the fleet of their
growing empire, as well as to forestall any
advances by the Dutch in the region.
It was against this political backdrop that Sir
Stamford Raffles established Singapore
as a trading station. The policy of free
trade attracted merchants from all over Asia
and from as far afield as the United States
and the Middle East.
By 1824, just five years after the founding of modern
Singapore, the population had grown from a mere 150 to

BRIEF HISTORY
Flag of Singapore
from 1946-1959,
when they were a
Crown colony

In 1832, Singapore became the centre of

government for the Straits Settlements of Penang,
Malacca and Singapore.

The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869 and the

advent of telegraph and steamship increased
Singapore's importance as a centre for the expanding
trade between East and West.

Five centuries later, it was again the scene of

BRIEF HISTORY
Flag of
Singapore

Coat of arms (19591963)

After the war, Singapore became a Crown Colony. The

growth of nationalism led to self-government in 1959
and on 9 August 1965, Singapore became an
independent republic.
The flag is divided into equal red and white horizontal
sections symbolizing unity and purity. A white
crescent moon and five stars in a circle symbolize a

CLIMATE
Singapore receives a considerable
amount of rainfall approximately 2340mm annually.
Although there are no distinct wet
or dry seasons, the region is
affected by two different
monsoons. The Northeast
Monsoon generally takes place
from December to March and is
accompanied by more frequent
rain, particularly from
November to January.

CLIMATE
Located just north of the equator,
Singapore has a tropical climate
and stays hot and humid
throughout the year. Its slightly
cooler in December and January,
and hottest in April and May.
Temperatures are unlikely to dip
below 23 C (74 F) at night; the
lowest temperature ever recorded
was just over 19 C (66 F).

GEOGRAPHY
The island of Singapore is
situated off the southern extremity of
the Malay
Peninsula, separated from
the mainland by the Johor
Strait which
is about 1km (0.8 miles) wide.
Causeways run across the strait carrying
roads, a railway and water pipes. The
main
island is mainly flat with only low
hills, the
highest being Bukit Timah at
166m (545ft).

GEOGRAPHY
The mainland of Singapore measures
50 kilometres (31mi) from east to west
and 26 kilometres (16mi) from north to
south with
193 kilometres (120mi) of
coastline.
In the northeast of the island,
and in the urban district, large areas
have
been reclaimed, and much of the
original jungle
and swamp covering the low-lying areas has been cleared. In
addition to the main island, the Republic of Singapore includes
more than 60 much smaller islands and islets.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Geographically, Singapore is just outside the

Pacific Ring of Fire and is thus spared from the
ravages and destruction caused by natural
phenomena such as earthquakes and volcanic
eruptions. The republic nevertheless has from
time to time, experienced some localised manmade disasters and major accidents, which
also had painful and tragic consequences.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Singapores Emergency Preparedness

programme for major disasters comprised the
following main elements:
a) Plans
b) Drills and Exercises
c) Public Awareness, Education and Participation

Readiness is your only

protection

DISASTER MANAGEMENT
Singapore values public safety and security.
It believes in being prepared to face major disaster
so as to ensure minimum disruption by any
disaster to its community, environment and
infrastructure. It garners all efforts to promote and
institutionalise emergency preparedness among
its people, while developing and exercising
contingency plans for a range of foreseeable
disasters to be executed by various emergency
agencies in close co-ordination. Where
appropriate, it also shares its experience and

OTHER

INFORMATIO
NS
ABOUT

SINGAPOR

Population: 5,469,700
(2014 Estimate)

Currency: Singapore Dollar (SGD)

Government: Unitary, Parliamentary,

Constitutional, Republic
Legislature:

Parliament

Anthem: Majulah Singapura

("Onward, Singapore)

Motto:

"Majulah Singapura"(Malay)
"Onward, Singapore

Capital:

Singapore

(Downtown Core, Central)

Total Area:

277sqmi

718.3km2

Officially the Republic of

Singapore, is a modern city-state and
island country in Southeast Asia.
- A city-state is a sovereign state
consisting of a city and its dependent
territories.
- An island country is a country whose
primary territory consists of one or more
islands or parts of island.

PEOPLE

PEOPLE

STOP AT TWO
Population control in Singapore spans two distinct
phases: first to slow and reverse the boom in births
that started after World War II; and then, from the
1980s onwards, to encourage parents to have more
children because birth numbers had fallen below
replacement levels.
In the 1970s the Singaporean government encouraged
women, especially uneducated women, to get
sterilised following their second child.

PEOPLE

Social Stratification
Classes and Castes. There are wide income and wealth
differences, but the country is more differentiated by
ethnicity than by class. All the ethnic groups have
experienced upward occupational mobility. There is an intense
focus on education. Good marks are a sure path to good
positions with good wages. In this respect, Singapore is a
meritocracy.
Symbols of Social Stratification. Singaporeans jokingly
refer to their desire for the "five C's": car, condominium,
credit card, club membership, and career. These are
important symbols of wealth and status regardless of

PEOPLE

Symbolism.
Economic prosperity and political
stability are associated with the national culture, as is the
Singaporean concept kiasu . Kiasu means "afraid to
lose" and refers to the wish to come in first in lines,
competitions, negotiations, and so forth. Some say kiasu
keeps standards high, but others claim it leads to a
graceless society.

CULTURE

Singapore is a cosmopolitan society where people live

harmoniously and interaction among different races are
commonly seen.The pattern of Singapore stems from the
inherent cultural diversity of the island. The immigrants of
the past have given the place a mixture of Malay,
Chinese, Indian, and European influences, all of

CULTURE
Behind the facade of a modern city, these
ethnic races are still evident. The areas for the
different races, which were designated to
them by Sir Stamford Raffles, still remain
although the bulk of Singaporeans do think of
themselves as Singaporeans, regardless of race
or culture. Each still bears its own unique
character.

CULTURE

The old streets of Chinatown can still be seen; the

Muslim characteristics are still conspicuous in Arab Street;
and Little India along Serangoon Road still has its distinct
ambience. Furthermore, there are marks of the British
colonial influence in the Neo-Classical buildings all around

CULTURE

Each racial group has its own distinctive religion and

there are colorful festivals of special significance all year
round. Although the festivals are special to certain races,
it is nonetheless enjoyed by all.

CULTURE
In Singapore, food is also readily and
widely available. There are lots of
cuisines to offer. We have, Chinese,
Indian, Malay, Indonesian and Western,
Italian, Peranakan, Spanish, French,
Thai and even Fusion. It is very common
to
savour other culture's food and some
of the
food can be very intriguing. Indian
food are
relatively spicier, whereas
Chinese food is
less spicier and the
Chinese enjoy seafood.
Malay cooking uses coconut milk as their main ingredient,
that makes their food very tasty.

CULTURE

Most Singaporeans celebrate the major

festivals associated with their respective religions. The
variety of religions is a direct reflection of the diversity of
races living there. The Chinese are predominantly followers
of Buddhism, Taoism, Shenism, Christians, Catholics
and some considered as 'free-thinkers' (Those who do
not belong to any religion). Malays have the Muslims and

ECONOMY

Singapores economic freedom

score is 89.4, making its economy
the 2nd freest in the 2015 Index.
Its
score is unchanged from last
year,
with gains in the
management of
government
spending, monetary
freedom, and labor freedom offset by a slightly
lower score for freedom from corruption. Only 0.2
point behind Hong Kong, Singapore ranks 2nd out
of 42 countries in the AsiaPacific region.

EDUCATION

SINGAPORE :
THE FINE CITY

Singapore is known for its impeccable

cleanliness and low crime rate. The country
has such a strong reputation for being safe that
the authorities had to put out a warning stating
that low crime does not mean no crime
reminding people to stay vigilant. But as with
most good things, the high regard the country
gets for its cleanliness and safety comes with a
price. Singapore is sometimes called The Fine
City, but the title has a double meaning that
you dont want to be on the wrong end of. The
label refers to the immaculate, or fine, state

Unfortunately it takes a little more than

common sense to know what is right and
wrong while in Singapore. There are acts
considered harmless in your home country
that are illegal in Singapore. The following
list will help you know what NOT to do in
Singapore, be aware of customs, save
your money!

 The Importance Of Discipline

Singaporeans place a lot of importance on discipline, and
corporal punishment is widely accepted. Caning is not only used
to punish criminals but also as a disciplinary measure in schools,
the military, and in the domestic scene.

NO

Chewing Gum
Littering
Smoking
Homosexual Relations
Jaywalking
Urinating in Elevators and Not Flushing
the Toilet
Vandalism

SINGAPORE :
THE GREEN
CITY

ARCHITECTURE
Urbanism, Architecture, and the
Use of Space
Singapore is a green city, but it
has a much groomed greenness.
There are two small national
parks. Only
at the fringes of the
island and on the islets
is there
rural life, and it is disappearing
fast. Highways crisscrossing the island, the huge port on
the southern tip, vast industrial areas to the west, and the
airport to the east create an air of swift efficiency.

ARCHITECTURE
The most striking features of the
landscape are the high-rise
buildings. This is a distinctly
modern
architecture with roots in
the functionalism
of the 1960s. In
the 1980s and 1990s,
there was
more diversity in building styles.
The typical domicile is a small apartment
off the ground. Ethnicity is not an issue in the public
use of space; communal differences are clearly
discernible in the layout of the interiors of homes and
certain town areas.

ARCHITECTURE
The architecture of Singapore displays a
range of influences and styles from different
places and periods. These range from the eclectic
styles and hybrid forms of the colonial period to
the tendency of more contemporary architecture
to incorporate trends from around the world. In
both aesthetic and technological terms,
Singapore architecture may be divided into
the more traditional pre-World War II
colonial period, and the largely modern postwar and post-colonial period.

ARCHITECTURE
Traditional architecture in Singapore includes vernacular
Malay houses, local hybrid shophouses and black and
white bungalows, a range of places of worship reflecting
the ethnic and religious diversity of the city-state as well as
colonial civic and commercial architecture in European
Neoclassical, gothic, palladian and renaissance styles.
Modern architecture in Singapore began with the
transitional Art Deco style and the arrival of reinforced
concrete as a popular building material.
International Style modern architecture was popular from
the 1950s to the 1970s, especially in the public housing
apartment blocks.

URBAN PLANNING

Urban planning in Singapore has formulated and

guided its physical development from the day Singapore
was founded in 1819 as a British colony to the developed,
independent country it is today. Urban planning is
especially important due to land constraints and its high

URBAN PLANNING

The Urban Redevelopment Authority (URA) is

Singapore's national land-use planning authority. URA
prepares long term strategic plans, as well as
detailed local area plans, for physical development,
and then co-ordinates and guides efforts to bring
these plans to reality. Prudent land use planning has
enabled Singapore to enjoy strong economic growth and
social cohesion, and ensures that sufficient land is
safeguarded to support continued economic progress and

MASTER PLAN

The Master Plan was introduced in 1958 and

has undergone regular updates every 5 years.
The Master Plan has evolved from being a plan
which simply reflected preceding land use
amendments to one which focuses on planning

MASTER PLAN
In particular, it was transformed to a more
forward-looking planning document in the mid
1990s through the advent of the Development
Guide Plans (DGPs), which set out detailed
planning objectives at the local and regional levels
that were aligned with the broader planning
intentions of the Concept Plan. The regular review
and amendments to the Master Plan have factored
in changes in local and global trends, and ensured
that our plans remain relevant to address future
challenges and meet the needs of Singaporeans.

MASTER PLAN
Master
Master
Master
Master
Master

Plan
Plan
Plan
Plan
Plan

2014
2008
2003
1980
1958

Note :
The development timeframe of growth areas,
key infrastructure and facilities will depend on
various factors such as market demand,
prevailing market conditions, and
development momentum of the sites

MASTER PLAN
Master Plan 2014
The statutory land use
plan approved by the
Minister
for National
Development in
2014.
It shows the permissible
land use and density for developments in
Singapore. The Master Plan 2014 is superseded
by the gazetted approved amendments to Master
Plan 2014.

TOP DEVELOPERS

TOP DEVELOPERS

TOP DEVELOPERS

TOP DEVELOPERS

TOP DEVELOPERS

TOP DEVELOPERS

ARCHITECTS
William S.W. Lim, born in Hong Kong in 1932,
is a
Architectural

Singaporean architect. He graduated from the

Association School of Architecture in London and
continued his graduate studies at Harvard University.

Projects

1999 Marine
Parade
Community
Building,

1973 People's Park Complex,Singapore

1980 Tanglin Shopping Centre, Singapore
1987 Church of Our Saviour (conversion),
Singapore

1974 Golden
Mile Complex,
Singapore

ARCHITECTS
Soo K. Chan (Soo Khian Chan or
Soo Chan)
Born
Nationality
Occupation
Awards

Practice
Projects

7 January 1962 (age53) Penang, Malaysia

Singaporean
Architect
RIBA International Prize 2012 for One KL
RIBA Lubetkin Prize 2012 Shortlist for One KL
Presidents Design Award, Singapore, 2006
SIA-Getz Architecture Prize for Emergent Architecture
in Asia, 2006
RIBA International Prize 2005 for Lincoln Modern
The Chicago Athenaeum International Architecture
Award
SCDA Architects
National Design Centre, Singapore
Dhoby Ghaut Green, Singapore
Alila Villas Soori, Bali
SkyTerrace@Dawson
Singapore High Commission, Delhi

ARCHITECTS

National Design
Center, Singapore

Skyterrace@Daw
son, Singapore

ARCHITECTS
Tan Cheng Siong
Tan Cheng Siong is the principal architect
of
Archurban Architects Planners,
Singapore and
Archurban Projects Consultancy
(Shenzhen)
Pte. Ltd., China. He is the Head of
multiple
Urban Planning and Design committees
for the
Singapore government and an advisory
member of Shenzhen Planning Committee. Numerous
awards have been won for Excellence in Master planning
and Architecture Design in Singapore and China.

ARCHITECTS

Pandan Valley the

first condominium in
Singapore
Pearlbank Apartments the
first super high-rise
condominium in Singapore

ARCHITECTS
Ken Yeang
Born

1948 (age6667)
Penang, Malaysia
National Malaysian
ity
Occupat Architect
ion
Practice Ken Yeang Design
International (UK)
T. R. Hamzah & Yeang
Sdn. Bhd. (Malaysia)
North Hamzah Yeang
Architectural and
Engineering Company
(China)
Building Menara Mesiniaga,
s
National Library of

National Library of
Singapore

ARCHITECTS
Moshe
Born
July 14, 1938 (age77)
Safdie
Haifa, Israel
National Israeli/Canadian/American
ity
Occupat Architect
ion
Awards Order of Canada
Gold Medal of the Royal
Architectural Institute of
Canada
Practice Safdie Architects
Building Habitat 67
s
Yad Vashem Holocaust
History Museum
Asian University for
Women

Marina
Bay
Sands

PIONEERING ARCHITECTURAL
FIRMS

PIONEERING ARCHITECTURAL
FIRMS

PIONEERING ARCHITECTURAL
FIRMS

PIONEERING ARCHITECTURAL
FIRMS

PIONEERING ARCHITECTURAL
FIRMS

MARINA BAY
AnIntegrated
ResortfrontingMarina
BayinSingapore. Developed
byLa Vegas Sands, it is billed
as the world's most expensive
standalonecasinoproperty
atS$8 billion, including cost of
the prime land
ARCHITECT/S:

Moshe Safdie

and
Aedas firm
ENGINEER/S: Arupand
Parsons
Brinkerhoff
(MEP)
CONTRACTOR: Ssangyong
Engineering and

Clarke Quay

named after SirAndrew Clarke,

Singapore's
secondGovernorandGovernor of
the Straits Settlementsfrom 1873 to
1875, who played a key role in
positioning Singapore as the
mainportfor theMalaystates
ofPerak,SelangorandSungei Ujong
and it is also the name of
aroadalong the quay, part of which
has since been converted into
apedestrian mall.
Alsop Architects an
International Architecture
practice was commissioned to
redesign the shophouse facades,
streetscapes and riverfront dining
areas in two development phases.
The newly redeveloped Clarke Quay

Crucial to its success is the ingenious moderation of

the micro-climate through the design of sophisticated
shading and cooling systems which reduce the
ambient temperature by 4 degrees Celsius while
enhancing the riverfront and streets with tremendous
visual interests. The project won in 2007 Cityscape
Architectural Review Award (Tourism, Travel &
Transport Built) and the Cityscape Asia Awards, Best
Waterfront Development in 2008

RAFFLES HOTEL
A colonial-style hotel in
Singapore and Singapore's
best known icon.
Established by two
Armenian brothers from
PersiaMartin and Tigran
Sarkiesin 1887.
It was named
afterStamford Raffles, the
founder of modern
Singapore, whose statue
had been unveiled in 1887.
The hotel is managed
byFairmont Raffles Hotels
Internationaland houses a

CHINA TOWN, SINGAPORE

The largest ethnic group in Singapore is
Chinese, Chinatown is considerably less of
an enclave than it once was. (The name
Chinatownis given by the British and
continues to be used by Singaporeans
today, although the area retains the
Chinese nameNiu Che Shui.)
The street architecture of Chinatown's
buildings, the shophouses especially,
combine different elements ofbaroque
architectureand Victorian
architectureand do not have a single
classification. Many of them were built in
the style ofpainted ladies, and have been
restored in that fashion. These styles result
in a variety of different colours of
whichpastelis most dominant. Trengganu
Street, Pagoda Street and Temple Street are

ArtScience Museum
Architect/s: Moshe Safdie
The architecture is said be a form
reminiscent of alotus flower.
Referred to as "The Welcoming Hand of
Singapore" byLas Vegas
SandschairmanSheldon Adelson, the
ArtScience Museum is anchored by a
round base in the middle, with ten
extensions referred to as "fingers". The
design concept for each finger denotes
various gallery spaces sporting skylights
at the "fingertips" which are included as
sustainable illumination for the curved
interior walls.
Rainwater is harvested and channelled
down the center of the building, flowing
through its bowl-shaped roof into a
reflecting pond at the lowest level of the

Esplanade Theatres on
the Bay
Architect/s: DP Architects(DPA) of Singapore
and the London-based Michael Wilford &
Partners(MWP)
a 60,000 square metres
(6.0ha)performing arts centerlocated
inMarina Baynear the mouth of
theSingapore River. Named after the
nearbyEsplanade, it consists of aconcert
hallwhich seats about 1,600 and a theatre
with a capacity of about 2,000 for the
performing arts.
The design consists of two rounded space
frames fitted with triangulated glass
elements and sunshades, which balance
outward views with solar shading.
The unique architectural design has been

Changi Airport
To many Singaporeans, the
80m-high air traffic control
tower in front of Singapore
Changi Airport represents
'home' in a way that no other
building does. A 21-years old
student Marcus Chua said: "It
is the first thing people see
when they arrive in Singapore
and last thing they see upon
leaving it

The Colonnade- Stack

of Boxes
Architect: Paul Rudolph
Completed: 1987
Initially intending to design a housing
structure as a set of prefabricated units
hoisted onto a structural frame, the ideas
and visual intricacies of Paul Rudolph's
Colonnade Condominiums were
developments of the previously designed but
unbuilt Graphic Arts Center of Manhattan.
Rudolph referred to these replicable units as
the "twentieth-century brick," a means of
construction that would seemingly make
construction of large scale buildings more
feasible.
His intentions of designing prefabricated
parts were to fuse flexibility of spaces with a
standardized structural system and parts.

SINGAPOR
ES

According to Prime Minister Mr. Lee Kuan Yew he believed that

a blighted urban jungle of concrete destroys the human
spirit and that they need the greenery of nature to lift
their spirits. In 1963, he planted the first tree that sowed the
seeds to make Singapore a Garden City.
Thereafter, they launched the Keep Singapore Clean
Campaign in 1968, the regulation of air pollution through the
1971 Clean Air Act and the decision to locate pollutive
industries away from residential areas in the 1970s. These were
bold steps for a newly industrialising country. In the 1980s, they
transformed the Singapore River from a heavily polluted
passageway for boats to the beautiful urban water
catchment area and vibrant destination that it is today.
Their urban solutions have also attracted international interest

The new
initiatives
they have
launched

THE NEW INITIATIVES LAUNCHED SINCE 2009

Smart city pilots with sustainable features at Marina
Bay, Jurong Lake District and Punggol
Ambitious plans to ramp up public transport
infrastructure
Renewed greening efforts to make Singapore a City in a
Garden
Minimum energy and water efficiency standards for
more household appliances
More Active, Beautiful, Clean Waters (ABC Waters)
projects
A new Maritime Singapore Green Initiative
The 3R fund to encourage waste reduction and
recycling

SUSTAINABILITY
Singapore is vulnerable to risks arising from climate change, such as
rising sea levels. Globalization and the increased connectivity we have
today also make it easier for any problem to be transmitted from one part
of the world to another, such as supply chain disruptions and public
health risks. We need to deepen our understanding of our vulnerability to
climate change and plan early for climate change adaptation as a longterm insurance policy for Singapore.
The Sustainable Singaporeis a response to these challenges. It outlines
their national vision and plans for a more liveable and sustainable
Singapore. Everyone has an important part to play if they are to succeed
and realise their vision for

A Liveable and Endearing Home

A Vibrant and Sustainable City

Sustainable Singapore
BLueprint

A LIVEABLE AND ENDEARING HOME

Eco-Smart Endearing Towns

As smart technology and ecofriendly features are embedded

into our
towns and homes,
Singaporeans will
enjoy greater
convenience and a better
quality
of life. Enjoying time with family
and friends will be easier with
parks, ABC (Active, Beautiful and
Clean)
Waters projects, sports
facilities, and
other community
amenities nearby.

A Car-Lite Singapore

With a denser rail network and extensive

bus services, Singaporeans are able to travel
seamlessly and efficiently around the city.
Cycling and walking will become popular
forms of getting around in our
neighborhoods and regions.
Electric car-sharing and driverless car trials
will be conducted in parts of Singapore.

 Introduce innovative features and creative designs to

towns to provide a better cycling and walking environment,
starting with Ang Mo Kio
Develop a comprehensive cycling network spanning more
than 700 km by 2030, with supporting infrastructure and a
code of conduct to promote safe cycling within and across
towns
Create more car-free spaces in housing estates and the
city, such as the Civic District, where roads are temporarily
or permanently closed for public activities
Introduce driverless vehicles on a larger scale in Singapore
Pilot an electric car-sharing scheme to allow residents

A Vibrant and Sustainable City

Towards a Zero Waste Nation

They will work towards becoming a Zero

Waste Nation by reducing their
consumption of, as well as reusing and
recycling all materials to give
them a second lease of life. The
Government, the community and
businesses will come together to put in
place
infrastructure and programmes
that make
this their way of life.

A Vibrant and Sustainable City

A Leading Green Economy
The businesses will adopt greener
practices, the city will be a hub for the
cutting-edge business of sustainable
development, and Singaporeans can
enjoy jobs in this exciting and
meaningful sector. they will create Living
Labs to test-bed ideas that improve lives
are good for the environment.

and

An Active and Gracious Community

Provide more public spaces for communities to contribute in
terms of design and programmes, such as enlivening new HDB
town plazas in places like Punggol and Bedok
Engage the public on The Ubin Project to collectively enhance
their natural environment in a sensitive and sensible
manner, create experiences, and experiment with new,
sustainable technologies
Work with stakeholders to realise and enhance the Rail Corridor
as a contiguous green space for recreational use
Create more litter-free Bright Spots as part of the Keep
Singapore Clean Movement
Encourage more businesses to be sensitive to their
environmental impact and to participate inPUNGGOL
voluntary
BEDOK
programmes
PARKPARK
Take the lead in environmental sustainability through the Public

SUSTAINABILITY
Planning for sustainability
While the challenges today are vastly different from the 1960s,
our priority remains the same: catering for economic growth and a
good quality of life, maintaining a clean and green environment,
and making the best use of our resources. What has constantly
guided our approach to sustainable development is far-sighted,
holistic, and comprehensive planning, which enables us to take into
account future development needs through an integrated planning
process. Our objectives are:

Economic

Environmental

Develop in an environmentally
responsible manner
Sustain a robust and vibrant economy

Social

Land and Sea

Optimise our limited land and sea

Provide a good quality of living and

SUSTAINABILITY

The 3 Pillars of
Sustainable
Development:
Promoting Social and
Economic Well-Being
while Protecting the
Environment

Today, Singapore is recognised as a

liveable and sustainable city. In
2011, a Siemens-Economist
Intelligence Unit study ranked
Singapore as Asias greenest city.
This urban solutions have also
attracted international interest and we
see growing participation in the
biennial World Cities Summit,
Singapore International Water Week
and CleanEnviro Summit Singapore.
These platforms allow them to share
their experiences with and learn from

SUSTAINABILITY
The Singapore we have today did not
come about by chance. It is the result of
visionary leadership, careful, long-term
planning and the hard work of our
forefathers who created this place we call
home.

SUSTAINABILITY
Sustainable Land Planning Principles
Develop an efficient city and adopt innovative ideas
to improve our living environment and optimise land us

Provide a quality living

environment
by offering a wide variety of housing
choices and comprehensive amenities
within each new town

SUSTAINABILITY
Promote the use of public
transport

by providing an extensive rail

and intensifying land use around rail

network
stations

Decentralise commercial centres

to provide more jobs near homes, as well as
to reduce the need to travel and peak hour
traffic congestion

SUSTAINABILITY
Conserve our natural and built
heritage by safeguarding Nature
Reserves and Nature areas and carefully
conserving buildings with outstanding
architecture and historical significance.

Foster community spirit through

the provision of public spaces and by
facilitating active civic participation in
sustainable development.

RENEWABLE ENERGY
Over the past ten years, Singapores environmental
awareness has been growing steadily. Initiated by the
government, efforts have been made to introduce a
comprehensive climate change mitigation policy, to
increase the waste recycling rates and the re-usage rate
of water. Singapore has a special interest in clean and
sustainable energy solutions, created by the endeavor to
reach a higher energy security and to be less dependent
on traditional fossil fuel sources. Taking benefit from
existing strengths in the manufacturing of semiconductors and high-end electronics, Singapore has thus
identified the Clean Energy industry as a strategic
economic growth area. Since then, the government began

RENEWABLE ENERGY
The total renewable energy market is comparatively
small with electricity mainly being sourced from fossil
fuels. Singapores renewable energy focuses on solar
energy, given its strategic location in the tropical sunbelt.
Besides Solar Voltaic Systems, resources are also being
channeled towards hydrogen and fuel cell technology,
biofuels and wind energy. Furthermore, there is a growing
interest in Geothermal Energy as Singapore has no fossil
fuels of its own and is not a promising site for most
sources of renewable energy. However, the interest is still
on the theoretical side only. Overall, the economical usage
of renewable energies is still considered as too expensive
and does not seriously contribute to the Singaporean

RENEWABLE ENERGY
Solar Energy Industry
Singapores location on the sunbelt, which receives about
50 % more radiation than Germany and Japan, the major
hubs for solar technology today, explains its strategic
focus on Solar Photovoltaic Systems. The urban landscape
provides opportunities to develop capabilities in system
integration and building integrated Photo Voltaics (PV)
that can be exported to the region. By now there are 31
grid-connected commercial solar PV installations with a
total capacity of 422.1 kWp in Singapore. Furthermore, 9
households with solar PV installations are connected to
the grid, making up 56.6 kWp of capacity. In addition, the
Housing and Development Board (HDB) has test-bedded

RENEWABLE ENERGY
Wind Energy Industry
Due to limited space and low average wind speed,
Singapore cannot compete with other countries'
application of wind power in terms of large wind farms.
With an average wind speed usually lower than 3.3
meters per second (m/s) it is not possible to generate
reasonably efficient power from wind turbines, according
to the Energy Market Authority (EMA). However,
Singapore aims to be a test-bed for micro-wind
technology generating electricity with wind speeds of less
than 2 m/s.

RENEWABLE ENERGY
Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology
Since 2001, Singapore endeavors to become a test-bed
for hydrogen and fuel cell technologies under a
programme called the Singapore Initiative in New Energy
Technology (SINERGY). Under this programme, Singapore
is hosting a pilot project in the east of the city where fuel
cell stacks are used to provide power to a residential car
park. The collected information and data can be helpful
for technology vendors who can assess on how to improve
the technology adaption for commercial purpose.

SINGAPORE:
a

CITY in a
GARDEN

10 BEST GREEN
In the 1960s, Prime Minister Lee Kuan SPACES
Yew mooted the
creation of a clean and green environment to mitigate the harsh
SINGAPORES

concrete urban environment and improve the quality of life in

the city. This was the beginning of Singapores development
into a Garden City.

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
SPACES

As a result, Singapores clean and green environment has

allowed them to meet the lifestyle and recreational needs of an
increasingly affluent population, and enhanced Singapores
attractiveness as a destination for foreign businesses and
talents. The green policies have contributed to the
transformation of Singapore into a distinctive and vibrant global
city.
Going forward, the plan is to evolve Singapore into a City
in a Gardena bustling metropolis nestled in a lush
mantle of tropical greenery. To do this, they will be adding

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
SPACES

River Safari
Opened in 2013 beside the
Singapore Zoo, River Safari
features over 5,000
specimens representing
300 species. As well as
showcasing eight of the
worlds iconic rivers, there
are two resident giant
pandas, the worlds largest
freshwater aquarium, a
squirrel monkey forest and

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
SPACES

Gardens by the Bay

Spanning 101 hectares,
Gardens by the Bay
comprises three waterfront
gardens, the towering
super trees and two
massive indoor
environments: Flower
Dome and Cloud Forest.
The showcase of
horticulture and garden
artistry aims to bring the

10 BEST GREEN
Singapore Botanic
Gardens
SPACES

SINGAPORES

The Botanic Gardens is an impressive

oasis of greenery, with terrain varying
from rolling lawns to jungle, and plant life
from orchids to cacti. The Jacob Ballas
Childrens Garden is a special garden for
kids, while Symphony Lake is a great spot
for families and friends to gather for
picnics and open-air concerts.

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
SPACES

Bukit Timah Nature

Reserve
One of the largest swathes
of primary forest left in
Singapore, Bukit Timah
Nature Reserve is home to
more than 840 flowering
plants and over 500 animal
species. The park also
boasts Singapores highest
peak and several winding
forest trails.

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
EastSPACES
Coast Park

Singapores largest and

most popular park, East
Coast Park offers a long
stretch of sea, sand and
swaying palms. Come here
for the refreshing breeze
and enjoy walking, cycling,
rollerblading and
barbecues.

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
MacRitchie
Reservoir
SPACES

Meander along the

boardwalks at the waters
edge, or hike through the
forest on a cross-country
trail. Routes vary from one
to five hours. A highlight is
the HSBC TreeTop Walk a
250-metre aerial
suspension bridge with
panoramic views over the
surrounding rainforest and
Upper Peirce Reservoir.

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
Fort
Canning
SPACES

Established in 1859 as an
arms store, barracks and
hospital, Fort Canning is
sprinkled with memorials of
Singapores history.
Attractions include Sir
Stamford Raffles personal
bungalow and the Spice
Garden a replica of the
original 19-hectare tract
established by Raffles in
1822. There are plenty of

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
The Southern
Ridges
SPACES

The Southern Ridges links

a series of hill trails
between Mount Faber,
Telok Blangah Hill and Kent
Ridge Park, and offers
spectacular views across
the Telok Blangah area.
Highlights are the
undulating Henderson
Waves Bridge Singapores
highest pedestrian bridge
and the elevated 1.3

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
Pulau
Ubin
SPACES

Visiting this island is like

taking a trip back in time.
Get a taste of what
Singapore was like in the
1960s, by exploring the
islands trails, shady rubber
plantations, isolated
beaches and thriving
mangroves. Hire a bike and
check out the Chek Jawa
wetlands one of
Singapores richest

SINGAPORES

10 BEST GREEN
SPACES
Sungei Buloh Wetland
Reserve
Wind your way through the
mangrove forest
boardwalks, or watch the
birdlife over the freshwater
wetlands especially
during the September to
March migratory season.

SINGAPORE
as an

ECO- FRIENDLY
& LIVEABLE
Environment

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of

THANK