English

Lesson

Teams
Members

Ho Sy
Ngoc
Phan Vinh
Long
Le Quoc
Dat

Journey to the
West

Xuanz
ang

Modal
Verbs
Buddh
a

Introduction of Modal

What are modal

verbs???
ought to

4+
9

modal
semiverbs
modals

Can

Coul
have
to
d

Must

Ma
y

Mighto
need
t

Shal
l

Wil
l

be able to
Woul
d

Shoul
d

All modal
verbs
* Only one form for all ( not add s or
es)
I can fly
She can fly (She
cans fly)
* Do not have an infinitive or past
To can
Musted
participle
* Are followed by the bare infinitive
The man in that room may be Son Tung
Mtp
Linh should give salary to all member of
B8D4

Semi-modal
verbs
* Ought to likes the other modal verbs
Tan ought to drink less water in the
evening
* Have to, need to and be able to
change for person & tense and have
infinitives
Dung needs to take a shower
immediately
The man was able to survival after the
earthquake
The girl seems to have to clean the floor

+ Subject

Modal
Structure
Verbs

+ Modal verb + V(be infinitive)

I can tell her about you
- Subject + Modal verb +not + V(be
infinitive)

I can not tell her about you

? Modal verb + Subject + V(be infinitive)
Can I tell her about you?
+ Wh_ + Modal verb + Subject + V(be
infinitive)
How can I tell her about you?
* Subject + Modal verb +be + V(PP)
She can be told about you (by me)

Help me!!!
Give me MISSON 1: MEET SUN
Im going WUKONG
some
Ah?
Umm?
to the
knowledg
Wait me
West to
esome
about
get modal
ability,
minutes!
verbs
permissio

skill.
n, advice,
plz!

Ohhh!
Stop!!!
Do
Ahihi!!!
you
You arent
know
Listen
&
allowed
ability,
to
Remembe
permissio
go over
n, advice?
there!
r!

Wukon
g

What can Wukong

do?

Ability
Can

Now / Generally

Ex. Wukong can fly 1800 miles.

Xuanzang cannt go to the West without his
students.

Could

Past

Ex. Long couldnt eat himself when he was

young.

Be able
to

Other tenses

Ex. I havent been able to finish this

project.

Ability
1. Always could + Verbs of perception &
thinking
Ex. We could understand what he said.
When Nam went into the house, he could smell
2. Couldnt
burning. is used in all situation.
Ex. My father couldnt swim.

3. Be
able
to hard
is used
in situation
They
tried
but they
couldnt that
someone
succeeds
in doing difficult things
persuade
him.
in specific occasion.
Ex. The fire spread through the building
very quickly everyone was able to escape.

Permission

More
formal

Asking for
permission

Less
formal

Can

Could

May

Ex. Can I borrow your

umbrella?

Ex. Could my girl

friend join us tomorrow
for lunch?
Ex. May I use your
phone?

Permission

More
formal

Giving
permission

Less
formal

Can

Ex. You can use my

phone to call your
father.
You can come with us.

Could

May

Ex. You may lend me

some money whenever
you want.
You may take this
Friday off from work.

Advice

Sifu!
I met
Monster!
What
AaaaaaI
should
a!
do now?

You should
ask for
Gods help

Advice
1. Shoud is used more widely than
Ought to
Ex. I think he should tell her the truth.

Shoud

You ought to call your mother more

often.

2. Ought to is not usually used in

Ought
negative and question
(instead by
to
Should)

Ex. Long ought not to play LOL everytime.

(rare)
Long shouldnt play LOL everytime.

MISSON 1: MEET
SUNWUKONG

Modal
Verbs
+33
%
exp

MISSON 2: MEET ZHU

BAJIE

Im Zhu Bajie
I live in Gao Family
Village
Thing I like most is GIRL
^^
Anyone cant get across
without passing my
challenge
It isObligation,
Probability & Possibility

Wukong,
what should
we do?

Sifu, you
I have
just
dontBoss.
worry.He
asked
has said

Ex.
must
remember
to goabout
swimming
with Dung.
No! IYou
should
be careful
the difference
First,
I willmustnt
tell you(and
My
about
opinion)
Obligation.
between
dont
have to.
We
Children
use must,
havehave
goto
to
school.
& need
Must
: means
itto
isnt
allowed
orCan
itto.
isyou
a bad
tellidea
these
the
Positive:
Outside)
Dont have to :( means
you canAre
do
that
if
me some you
same?
- Must
Negative:
obligation
(possibly
based on the
want,: Strong
but it isnt
necessary.
examples?
speakers
-Ex.
Mustnt
opinion).
: Prohibition area
or Noyoumustnt
obligation
In a non-smoking
--Have
Not have
to =in
to
need
Not
to: need
strong
toobligation
=youdont
Neednt(possibly
:have
No to
smoke,but
a=smoking
area
from
obligation
outside
or can
compulsory)
smokebut
you
if you want to.

Obligation
1. Have to: in conversation.
Must: in formal writing (written notices,
instruction)
Are you
Ex. Passengersmustfasten
.
YES!!!
ready fortheir
my seat-belts
You have to lendchallenge?
me 500, she said.
Student! Can
2. Must changes to had to in past tenses.
you help me?
Ex. "You must appologize," he said.
=> He said I had to appologize.

Challenge

1. You

smoke!

2.You
get up early
at the weekend!

mustnt
dont
have to

3.You
the bin!

put rubbish in

mustnt

4.You

pay taxes!

have to

Probability
Almost
certain
100%

Must
Can/ Could
Cant
Couldnt
Ought to

Very
uncertain
0%

Possibility

Should

May

Might

Use Must, Cant & Couldnt when we have

evidence

Probabili
ty
Possibilit
y

Ex. You havent eaten all day. Youmust

behungry.
He was obviously joking. Hecould notbe
serious.
Itcan'tbe dark outside! It's only 4.30pm!
They should / ought to hear from Long this
weekend.

MISSON 2: MEET ZHU

BAJIE
You have just achieved 2nd
modal Modal
verbs skill.
Ill protect you from all of
Verbs
monster on journey to the
West.

66%
exp

MISSON 3: MEET SHA

WUJING

Sha

Bajie: Sifu, level of water is high, we

cant across the river.
Wukong: Can you swim, my brother?
Bajie: No, I cant. I could have learnt
swimming skill but I was lazy.
Sifu: You must have spent time on
eating instead of learning this skill.
Bajie: Sifu, you also cant have
known how to swim.
Wukong: You shouldnt have talked to
Sifu on that way.
Bajie: Im sorry.

Buzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz!
Wujing: I have been waiting you for 2
years. You should have arrived 3
months ago. May you have met many
monsters?
Sifu: Yes! And I couldnt across the
river.
Wujing: You dont worry. I will help
you get across it and give you 3rd
modal verbs skill. But, I dont know
your IQ and your capacity. Would you
like to join a IQ GAME?
Sifu: Im ready!!!

GAME

COUNTDOWN
FIREWORK
HOUSEWIFE
SUNFLOWER
COWBOY

Modal Verbs
Perfect
Now, I will tell you the modal verb
perfect
Form
Modal verbs + have + past
participle
Lets see conversation between Xuanzang
and his three students.
I could have learnt swimming skill but I was lazy., Zhu
Bajie said
It means that Bajie had ability to learn swimming but he
didnt do it
Ability

Could + have + VPII

Modal Verbs
Perfect
So, what is different between could Vbare
inf and could have VPII?
Ex. I could win him when we was young.
could win means that I used to win him
Ex. I could have won him.
could have won means that I had opportunity
to win him but I didnt use to win him.

Modal Verbs
Perfect

Example

You must have spent time

on eating instead of
Sifu, you
also this
cantskill
have
learning
Probabilit
Cant
known how to swim.
y
=> Be sure something happened or didnt happen in
the past
Could
Must

May/ Could/ Might you

Possibility
have met many
Might
monsters?
=> Be not sure something happened or didnt happen
in the past
May

Modal Verbs
Perfect
You shouldnt have talked to Sifu on that
way.., Wukong said
It means that Zhu Bajies past behavior was
bad
Was/ Were
Right thing to do
Should / Ought
supposed
but didn't do it
to + have + VPII
to Expected
something to
happen but it
didn't
I have been waiting you for 2 years. You should
have arrived 3 months ago.
It means that Sha Seng expected his sifu arrived
3 months ago, but it was different from real.

Modal Verbs
Perfect
Wukong would have used
Utimate skill, but he didnt
have have
enough
Would+
+ Vmana
PII express we wanted to do
sth but we didnt do it in the end.
It is usually used in the third conditional
senetence
Neednt + have +
It wasn't
VPII
necessary to do
Bajie neednt have asked for
something but we
food because Sifu has already
did it.
eaten.

Modal Verbs
Perfect
Could : had ability to do but he
didnt do
Must/ Cant : Be sure something
happened or not in the past
Could/ May/ Might: Be not sure
something happened or not in the
past
Should/ Ought to: (1)Right thing to do but
didn't do it ; (2) Expected something to
happen but it didn't
Would: we wanted to do sth but we didnt do it in
the end
Neednt : It wasn't necessary to do something
but we did it

MISSON 3: MEET SHA

WUJING

Modal
Verbs

+99
%
exp

Congratulation! You
have got more exp
3rd modal skill.

Modal
Verbs
99%
exp

WHERE IS LAST 1%
EXP?
YOU MUST PASS LASS
MISSION TEST AS
GAME

GAME