For the higher level and

on secondary level
Reporter: MAY-ANN V. RAMOS

INFERRING
means to state an idea which is based
on observation.

an inference is an interpretation or
tentative conclusion based on
observations.
Sometimes an inference may take the
form of judgement or evaluation.

PREDICTING
the process of making forecast based on
observed events.
we make predictions based on past and
present observations.

The nature of the skill of predicting is to be able

to identify a trend in a body of data and then to
project that trend in a way that can be tested.

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CONTROLLING VARIABLES
Variable is being tested.

The variables in an experiment are classified

into:
1. MANIPULATED

The factor being changed or varied

2. CONSTANT
The variable being kept unchanged
3. RESPONDING
The resulting variable or condition

INTERPRETING DATA
Data collected from a variable in
experiment should be analyzed thoroughly
in order to arrive at a clear reliable
conclusion.

The relationships between the cause and

effect condition in a controlled set-up
becomes easy to interrupt if the data is
recorded in tabulation or a graph.

EXPERIMENTING
The skill in experimenting is the final test that
requires competence in science processes
especially controlling variables, interpreting data
and formulating hypothesis.

It is the best way to show the steps of the scientific

method.

THE STEPS OF THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD are the

ff:
1. Identify the problem, objective or questions to be
answered.
2. Formulating a tentative solution; also termed
hypothesis
3. Choosing the likely hypothesis
4. Testing the hypothesis
5. Collecting, reading and analyzing data
6. Formulating conclusion

TEACHING APPROACHES AND

STRATEGIES FOR SCIENCE

METHOD
Method stands for a system, often times referred
to as a procedure.
In teaching, method suggest an approach or a
technique used by a teacher in pursuing a lesson
objective.
In a strict sense, it is a fixed course of a action
usually following a systematic plan.

A number of contributory factors must be

considered:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Age and instructional level

Interest
Abilities of the student
Learning resources
Competence of the teacher in implementing the
procedure

There is NO SINGLE METHOD in accomplishing a planned

objective.