Proportions

CONTENTS
Proportions!
Property of proportions
Application of proportions in daily life.
Types of proportion.

Property of a proportion?
a:b = c:d
means

a c

b d

extremes

Cross Product Property

ad = bc
Product of extremes = Product of means

Property of a proportion?

3 6

2 4
2x6=12

Cross Product Property

3x4 = 12

3x4 = 2x6

How about an example?

7 x

2 6
7(6) = 2x
42 = 2x
21 = x

Solve for x:

Cross Product Property

Now you know enough about properties,

lets solve the Mysterious problems!
If Alis car gets 30 miles/gallon, how many gallons of
gas do he need to travel to school and to come
back home everyday?
5 miles to home
5 miles to school
Let x be the number gallons we need for a day:

30miles (5 5)miles

1gal
x _ gal
x=

1
3 Gal

30 10

1
x

Can you solve it

from here?

5 miles to home
5 miles to school

So he use up 1/3 gallon a day. How many gallons would

he use for a week?
Let t be the number of gallons we need for a week:

1 / 3 gal t.gal

1day
5days

1 t

3 5

1(5) 3t

1/ 3 t

1 5

5
t Gal
3

TYPES OF PROPORTION
Simple Proportion
In a:b::c:d , d is called fourth proportional.
example
4:3::6:9 , 9 is called fourth proportional.
Now in 7: 9 ::56:72

TYPES OF PROPORTION
a:b :: b:c

It is called continued proportion. It can be

written as a, b ,c.
b is called mean proportional.
c is third proportional.
In 3:6 :: 6:9 , 6 is called mean proportional.

TYPES OF PROPORTION
Find the fourth proportional to 5, 8 and 15.
Let a be the fourth proportional to 5, 8 and 15.

5:8::15:a
8 x 15 = 5 x a
24 = a

TYPES OF PROPORTION
Find the third proportional to 6, 12.
Let a be the third proportional to 6, 12.

6:12::12:a
12 x 12 = 6 x a
24 = a

TYPES OF PROPORTION
Find the mean proportional between 3, 12.
Let a be the mean proportional between 3, 12.

3:a::a:12
a x a = 3 x 12
a2 = 36
a=6

Lets have a recap

Proportions!
Proportion
Properties of proportions.
How to use proportions.

?
?
Any question?
?

QUIZ

Equality of two ratios makes_____

What type of proportion is 2:3::3:5?
In 2:3::3:5, 3 is called _____
In 2:3::3:5, 5 is called _____

Try these
Find mean proportional between 20 and
45.
Find p if 5,p and 45 are in continued
proportion.

Solution
Find mean proportional between 20 and
45.
Let a be the mean proportional to 20 and 45.

20 :a::a:45
a2 = 20 x 45
a2 = 900
=

Solution
Find p if 5,p and 45 are in continued
proportion.
5 :p::p:45
p2 = 5 x 45
p2 = 225
=
p = 15

Home work
Solve
If cost of 5 kg mangoes cost Rs 250.Find
the cost of 8 kg mangoes.
EX # 3.3 Q.no 1(iii, vi) , Q no 2 (iii, iv)
Q no 4 (iii, iv) in your neat note book.

Conclusion
Today we have discussed properties,
application and types of proportion. Next
we shall discuss about theorems on
proportion.

Thank you to all the

wonderful
teachers
who shared the
time with me......