Unit 11

Conserving nature

India (Listening Part 2)

Located in southern Asia
The worlds biggest democracy and country with the

second largest population

Independence in 1947 led by Gandhi and Nehru
Religions include Hinduism, Buddhism and Sikhism
Many languages are spoken but Hindi is the official
language and English quite widely used
Nowadays it has a rapidly growing economy and is an
emerging superpower
Biggest cities: Mumbai; Delhi (over 10 million people)
Famous for: River Ganges, Taj Majal, Bollywood films
Wildlife: tigers, elephants, monkeys, snakes and many
other tropical rainforest plants and animals

Suffixes: -ion, -ation,

-ment
-ment

-ation

-ion

Announcement
Development
Dissapointment
Enjoyment
Entertainment
Excitement
Improvement
Movement
replacement

Admiration
Confirmation
Examination
Information
Invitation
Relaxation
Reservation

Attraction
Celebration
Collection
Completion
Connection
Creation
Discussion
Education
Invention
Pollution
Prevention
Protection
Translation

The passive: present and past

simple
ACTIVE

PASSIVE

They ate all the food very quickly.

All the food was eaten very

quickly (by them)

Weve sold the car.

The car has been sold.

Its nice when people invite to

dinner.

Its nice when I am invited to

dinner.

On a clear day you can see Ibiza

from the mainland.

On a clear day Ibiza can be seen

from the mainland.

The passive is used when:

The speaker doesnt know who or what does/did something
The speaker doesnt need to say who or what does/did something
because its obvious from the situation or context.
What happens is more important that who does it.
When writing in a formal style.

Writing Part 1
For each question, complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the
first. Use no more than three words.

1.The bus station is near the new shopping centre.

The bus station isn't ..................... the new shopping centre.
2.I've never been to this shop before.
This is ........................................ I've been in this shop.
3.The choice of food here is not as good as in the market.
The choice of food in the market ................ here.
4.There is late-night shopping on Thursday.
The shops ................................. on Thursday.
5.Shall we go into town this afternoon?
Would ........................................ go into town this
afternoon?

answers
1. far from
2. the first time
3. is better than
4. are open late/are open later/stay open
later /stay open late
5. you like to

Comparative and superlative

adverbs
ADVERB

COMPARATIVE

SUPERLATIVE

Quietly
Carefully
Slowly
Easily
Fast
Badly
Hard
well

More quietly
More carefully
More slowly
More easily
Faster
Worse
Harder
Better

(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)
(the)

most quietly
most carefully
most slowly
most easily
fastest
worst
hardest
best

Vocabulary
To water regar
To waste desperdiciar
Sprinkler aspersor
Hose pipe manguera
Watering-can regadera
Washing machine lavadora
Dishwasher lavavajillas
Tap grifo
Bucket cubo

Jake and Lilys

suggestions
Water plants later in the day
Use a bucket and a sponge to wash the car
Wash small quantities of plates or clothes by hand

More suggestions
If you want a cold drink, its better to keep a jug of
water in the fridge than run a tap until it gets cold.
Dont run the tap while youre brushing your teeth
use a glass of water.
Dont wash fruit, vegetables or salad under the tap
use a bowl.
Water used for cooking can be re-used, when its
cool, to water plants.

Words to give examples

For instance
Say
For example
Like
Such as