Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Ti
Ti
A Brief History
Properties
Basic Properties
Silvery-White
Hard
Lustrous
Resists Corrosion
Relatively low density
4.506 g cm3
Relatively strong
High melting/boiling
point
1943 K/3560 K
Ductile
Malleable (when heated)
Medical Use
Histor
y
Before Titanium was found:
316L stainless steel and Co-Cr alloy
Low resistance to bioenvironment
Titaniums great biocompatibility (
) was found.
1960s: First used as dental implants
EXCITED
Titanium biocompatibility
Resistance to fluid
Low toxicity
Ti TiO2
Low solubility
Hard to react with biological molecules
Great biocompatibility
Ti-5Al-2.5Fe
Ti-6Al-7Nb
The
Elastic Modulus
that of bones.
FORCE
FORCE
IMPLAN
T
BON
E
IMPLAN
T
BON
E
Wolffs law
Bones in a body will adapt to the
loads under which it is placed.
The loads increase The bone become stronger
and denser
The loads decrease The bone become weaker
That is also why some
Kung Fu masters exercise
by hitting something
really hard!
Sum up
New Type
Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe, Ti-15Mo-5Zr-3Al, Ti15Mo-3Nb-0.3O, Ti-2Mo-2Zr-3Al, etc.
Mo will cause severe effects
Ti-15Zr-4Nb-2Ta-0.2Pd, Ti-15Sn-4Nb-2Ta0.2Pd
Pd and Sn are not quite biocompatible
Still much
higher
Car Industry
Weight reduction
High strength
and low
density
The strength is 3
times as much as
that of iron with the
same weight.
Advantages of Weight
Reduction
Save the product cost
If 1kg weight reduced 2.2dollars in production
Safety
p=mv p=Ft
Co
g r nne
od cti
Titanium in Engine
0
1
Exhaust 02
valve
03
l
Va
ve
ri n
sp
g
Connecting rod
Low density
High strength
Corrosion
resistance
Fatigue
Reduce inertia
Reduce size
Increase the
service life
Decrease
shake and
noise
Exhaust Valve
Hot strength and anti oxidation
guarantee the engine works well in
high temperature
Valve spring
01
Lighter
02
Smaller
Half size of steel spring
High
Steel 500Hz
frequency
03
Ti alloy 900Hz
Other Applications
Alloying agent (used in aerospace, aircraft
and weaponry): Low density, strength,
resistivity to extreme temperatures
Ship hulls, propeller shafts: Corrosion
resistance
TiO2 (95% of titanium production): High
refractive index + strong UV light
absorption
Used in white paint, sunscreen, toothpaste,
etc.