Immune System part

Monocyte: develop into

Eosinophil:
Involved
Monocyt
Neutrophil:
Basophil:
Involved
60-70%with
of
macrophages (Big
with
parasitic
macropha
e:
WBC destroying
inflammatory
response
Eaters). Long lived, 5% of
invaders
ges
Short of
<1%
lived,
WBCphagocytic
WBC

Discuss with the person

next to you the different
kinds of WBCs.
Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils,
Monocytes Macrophages
Summarize in box #1

Two types of
defense:
Innate

Non-specific
Defenses

Acquired

Specific
Defenses

Innate

External
Defenses

Ski
n
- Barrier
- Acidic
pH

- Non-specific
Defenses

Stoma
ch
Acid

Mucous
Membran
Cover the surface and
es
line the
openings of
the body
Lysozy
(Respiratory,
Digestive, and
me
(in tears,
genitourinary
tracts)
Cells
in lining produce
- Digests
Saliva, mucous
cell
mucus that traps
secretions)
walls
of
pathogens
bacteria

rst Line of Defense

if
A pathogen
gets
Past your first
line of
defense?
(Ex: Skin is
cut)

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses
Pa
th

econd Line of Defense

The inflammatory
Response

og
en

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses
Ski
n
Capillary

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses

Histami
ne

Mas
t
Cell
s

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses
Histamine
triggers capillary
dilation and Increased
permeability
Engorged Capillaries
leak fluid causing
swelling

Discuss with the person

next to you the function of
Heat, swelling,histamine.
and redness
are signs of a local

- Non-specific
Innate
Chemokines Defenses
Intracellular and Chemicalattract
Defenses
Phagocytic cells
Phagocyt
e

Bacteria/
Pathogens

(released by
various types of
cells, here the
endothelial cells of
the capillaries are
releasing the
chemokines)

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses
Blood clotting
elements
- Prevent further
infection

- Non-specific
Innate
Defenses
Intracellular and
Chemical
Defenses

A closer look at
Microbes
Phagocytosis
are
destroyed
in two
ways:
1. Nitric oxide
(in
Lysoso
lysosome)
mes
can poison
microbes
2. Lysozyme
and other
degrading
enzymes
digest the
microbes.

Two types of
defense:
Innate

Non-specific
Defenses

Acquired

Specific
Defenses

at the
h
w
if
t
u
s
s
B
n
t
e
e
p
g
p
n
a
e
h
g
st
r
o
fi
h
pat your d line
t
n
pas seco ?
AND efense
of d

Lymphatic Systems Role in

2 types of
the
Immune
System
Lymphocytes:

1. B Cells
2. T Cells

B
Cell
T
s
Cell
s

B and T Cells are

both made in the
bone marrow.
B cells stay and
mature there, T
cells travel to
the thymus and
mature
there.

Lymphatic Systems Role in

the Immune System

Macrophages,
dendritic cells, &
lymphocytes that
live here
Attack microbes
circulating in
lymphatic fluid.

Acts as a filter
Old RBCs are
recycled here
Platelets and
WBCs stored
here.

Identical on ALL
Of my cells
Identification
Markers
(Carbohydrate
chains)

Im a
Mrs. N
Cell Discuss with the
Person next
To you what
You JUST learned

Antige
- Protein
or
n
Pathoge
n
What do you think
Will happen
When a pathogen
Gets inside your
Body?

polysaccharid
e

Add the Antigens

InTo
your
your
box 7
Draw
Drawing
a pathogen
(and Label)

Now that a pathogen

has entered our
body, how do B and
T cells work to rid it
from the body?

B
Cell
s

T
Cell
s

Each person has an

estimated 1 million
different B cells

YY

Cell
s

YY

Y BY

Each
person
has an
During
B cell
development,
estimated
10 and
genes
get rearranged
combined
different T
millionindifferent
patterns
cells which results in
different mRNA and
therefore different proteins.
AntigenHence,
tons of variation in
Receptor
antigen
receptors.

YY

Humoral
~ For pathogens circulating in the
blood Response
~Uses B lymphocytes (B Cells)
~Utilizes the process of Clonal
Selection
(the different colors represent different shaped antigen
receptors)

Humoral
~ For pathogens circulating in the
blood Response
~Uses B lymphocytes (B Cells)
~Utilizes the process of Clonal
Only one of the
Selection
antigen
Once a B cell has
receptors
been selected as
will
match the
the match,
antigens
onbe
the
clones will
pathogen
made.
perfectly.

Humoral
~ For pathogens circulating in the
blood Response
~Uses B lymphocytes (B Cells)
~Utilizes the process of Clonal
Selection
Once a B cell has
been selected as
the match,
clones will be
made.

Y
Y

Memory
B cells

Y
Y

Clone
s

Plasma
B cells

Humoral
~ For pathogens circulating in the
blood Response
~Uses B lymphocytes (B Cells)
~Utilizes the process of Clonal
Selection

Plasma
Cells
Once a B
cell has
secrete
been selected as
the match,
antibodies
clones will
specific
forbe
the
made.
antigen.

Y
Y

Memory
B cells

Y
Y

Clone
s

Plasma
B cells

What happens to
the antibodies?

Y Y
Y
Y

YY

What happens to
the antibodies?

Cytotox
ic
T Cells

Cell-Mediated
Response
Class
Major
I
Histocompatibi
Discuss
MHCcomplex
lity

the
of
Class I purpose
MHC
displays
foreign
Class
I MHC
antigens made
molecules
within the
cell
What happens
when
Pathogens hide
INSIDE of cells?

Cytokin
es
Cytotox
ic
T Cells
Protein
s

Cell
Lysis

Cytotox
ic
T Cells

Cell
Lysis

Cytotox
Class II MHC
ic
~Present antigens
T Cells
from foreign
materials
That have been
internalized
because
Of endocytosis.

n
l
l
e
e
g
ti g C
n
A tin
n
e
s
Pre

Helper
T Cells

TH
Ce
ll

Humoral
~ For pathogens circulating in the
blood Response
~Uses B lymphocytes (B Cells)
~Utilizes the process of Clonal
Cytokin
Selection
es

Y
Y

Memory
B cells

Y
Y

Clone
s

Plasma
B cells