Experiment #5

ANALYSIS OF ACETIC ACID

Delos Reyes, Shaireen
Donado, James Anthony
Eupea, Shiemia Judel
Garcia, Leila
Gavino, Shaina Mae
Gonzales, John Romil
Hisula, Roxanne

15-20001
15-20008
15-20004
15-20014
15-20017
15-20022
15-20020

September 8, 2016
Prof. Jeanne Grace Aberion

OBJECTIVES:
To prepare a standardized NaOH
solution
To determine the acetic acid content
of vinegar

Concepts:

Standardizationis the process of

determining the exact concentration
(molarity) of a solution.Titrationis
one type of analytical procedure often
used in standardization. In a titration,
an exact volume of one substance is
reacted with a known amount of
another substance.

 A chemical substance known as

anindicatoris used to indicate
(signal) the endpoint. The indicator
used in this experiment is
phenolphthalein. Phenolphthalein, an
organic compound, is colorless in acidic
solution and pink in basic solution.

 The point at which the reaction is complete

in a titration is referred to as theendpoint.
Potassium hydrogen phthalate, often
called simplyKHP, is an acidic salt
compound. It forms white powder, colorless
crystals, a colorless solution, and an
ionicsolidthat is themonopotassiumsalt
ofphthalic acid.

 KHP is slightlyacidic, and it is often

used as a primary standardforacidbase titrationsbecause it is solid and
air-stable, making it easy to weigh
accurately.

MATERIALS:

Graduated
Cylinder

Erlenmeyer flask

Buret
Bunsen
burner

Wire

Iron
stand w/

PROCEDURE
1. A. Procedure of 0.1 M solution of sodium
hydroxide
1. Boil approximately 1 L of distilled
water.
2. Protect the water from the atmosphere
as it cools.

3. Dissolve about 4 g of sodium hydroxide

in the boiled water.
4. Stir well and pour into a rubber
stoppered bottle.
5. Label the bottle.

B. Standardization of 0.1 M NaOH using

KHP
1. Accurately weigh (4 SF) in weighing
bottles triplicates samples of between 0.3
to 0.7 g each pure dry potassium
phthalate

2. Pour the weighed KHP into 250mL Erlenmeyer flasks

3. Record the weights and subsequent data
4. Label the flasks.
5. Add to each sample about 100mL of distilled water

6. Add 2-3 drops of phenolphthalein

indicator to each flask.

7. Fill the buret with the prepared NaOH solution

using the customary precautions to guard
against dilution
8. Take the record of initial readings
9. Titrate the KHP with the NaOH to the first
appearance of a faint permanent pink color. ( Use
proper precautions and techniques)
10. If the end point is over run, titrate back with
HCl

11. Calculate the Molarity of NaOH

12. Repeat titration with the other two
samples.

DATA & RESULT

A. Standardization of 0.1M NaOH solution

TRIAL
1
1. Weight of KHP
(g)
2.Volume of
titrant (mL)
Final reading of
buret

0.700g

0.500g

0.300g

33mL

24mL

16mL

0mL

0mL

0mL

17mL

26mL

34mL

0.1040 mol/L

0.1021 mol/L

0.0943 mol/L

Initial reading of
buret
Volume of NaOH
added
3. Molarity of
NaOH solution
Average

0.1001 mol/L

0.1001 mol/L

0.1001 mol/L

Solution:

T1 Given: mass of KHP= 0.700g

vol of NaOH= 33mL = 0.033L
MM KHP= 204 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of KHP= 0.700g x 1mol = 0.00343137254 mol KHP
204g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.00343137254 molKHPx1mol NaOH =0.00343137254mol
1molKHP
NaOH
Step 3 Conc of Naoh
M=moles of solute
= 0.00343137254mol NaOH
vol soln
0.033L
=0.103980986 mol/L
F.A= 0.1040 mol/L NaOH

T2 Given: mass of KHP= 0.500g

vol of NaOH= 24mL = 0.024L
MM KHP= 204 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of KHP= 0.500g x 1mol = 0.002450980392mol KHP
204g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.002450980392 molKHPx1mol NaOH =0.002450980392mol
1molKHP
NaOH
Step 3 Conc of Naoh
M=moles of solute
= 0.002450980392mol NaOH
vol soln
0.024L
=0.10212418 mol/L
F.A= 0.1021 mol/L NaOH

T3 Given: mass of KHP= 0.300g

vol of NaOH= 15.6mL = 0.0156L
MM KHP= 204 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of KHP= 0.300g x 1mol = 0.001470588235mol KHP
204g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.001470588235 molKHPx1mol NaOH =0.001470588235mol
1molKHP
NaOH
Step 3 Conc of Naoh
M=moles of solute
= 0.001470588235mol NaOH
vol soln
0.0156L
=0.094268476 mol/L
F.A= 0.0943 mol/L NaOH

C. Determination of Acetic Acid Content of

vinegar
1. Pipette 25mL of vinegar into 250mL
volumetric flask
2. Dilute to the mark, and mix thoroughly

3. Pipette a 50mL aliquot of this solution

into an Erlenmeyer flask.
4. Add 50mL of water and two drops of
phenolphthalein indicator

5. Titrate with standard base and to first

permanent faint pink color
6. Repeat the titration on two additional aliquots

DATA & RESULT

B. Analysis of Acetic Acid in Vinegar

TRIAL

1
1.Volume of
sample(mL)

100mL

100mL

100mL

36.2mL

36mL

36.5mL

0mL

0mL

0mL

13.8mL

14mL

13.5mL

12.00 mol/L

12.00 mol/L

12.00 mol/L

4. Grams of acetic 26.073 g

acid in
vinegr/100mL of
vinegar

26.073 g

26.073 g

5. % Acetic acid

33.15%

33.61%

2.Volume of
titrant (mL)
Final reading of
buret
Initial reading of
buret
Volume of NaOH
added
3. Average
molarity of NaOH
solution

33.73%

Solution:
T1 Given: mass of CH3C00H= 26.073g
vol of NaOH= 36.2mL = 0.0362L
MM CH3C00H = 60 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of CH3C00H = 26.073g x 1mol = 0.43455mol CH 3C00H
60g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.43455 mol CH3C00H x1mol NaOH =0.43455mol NaOH
1molCH3C00H
Step 3 Conc of NaoH
M=moles of solute
=0.43455 mol NaOH
0.0362L
=12.00414365 mol/L

vol soln
F.A= 12.00 mol/L NaOH

T2 Given: mass of CH3C00H= 26.073g

vol of NaOH= 36mL = 0.036L
MM CH3C00H = 60 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of CH3C00H = 26.073g x 1mol = 0.43455mol CH3C00H
60g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.43455 mol CH3C00H x1mol NaOH =0.43455mol NaOH
1molCH3C00H
Step 3 Conc of NaoH
M=moles of solute
=0.43455 mol NaOH
0.036L
=12.07083333 mol/L

vol soln
F.A= 12.07 mol/L NaOH

T3 Given: mass of CH3C00H= 26.073g

vol of NaOH= 36.5mL = 0.0365L
MM CH3C00H = 60 g/mol
Soln: Step 1
moles of CH3C00H = 26.073g x 1mol = 0.43455mol CH3C00H
60g
Step 2 moles of NaOH
0.43455 mol CH3C00H x1mol NaOH =0.43455mol NaOH
1molCH3C00H
Step 3 Conc of NaoH
M=moles of solute
=0.43455 mol NaOH
0.0365L
=11.90547945 mol/L

vol soln
F.A= 11.91 mol/L NaOH

GUIDE QUESTIONS:
1. A. Ideally preparation of NaOH titrant requires
boiling of the solvent H2O. Why?
To remove the CO2.Dissolved CO2 adds acidity
to the water and thus is a bias to the
equivalency for a titrant.
B. Write the chemical equation describing the
chemical reaction that occur when un-boiled
water is used.
2H2O+ 3NaOH 2Na+ 3H2O

2. Why should the titration endpoint be

taken as faint color of the
phenolphthalein indicator?
The indicator, phenolphthalein, is
colorless in acidic solution but turns
pink when there is an excess of base
present, therefore you will know that the
reaction is complete when you see the
first faint hint of pink color.