S

R
E
I
F
I
D
O
M
G
N
I
L
G
N
A
D

L
E
G
N
A
H
A
IC
M
,
S
A
R
A
C
L
A
BY:

WHAT IS A MODIFIER?
WHEN DOES IT BECOME A
DANGLING MODIFIER?

HOW TO FIX A DANGLING MODIFIER?

DANGLING

COHERENT

Walking down the street, the

While Camille was walking

car stopped.

down the street, the car stopped.

When nineteen years old, my

father died.

When I was nineteen years old,

my father died.

HOW TO FIX A DANGLING MODIFIER?

DANGLING

COHERENT

After entering the accounts, a

costly mistake was found.

After I entered the accounts, I

found a mistake.

Idling loudly, Paul shut off the

Paul shut off his car motor that

motor of his car.

was idling loudly.

S
E
C
I
V
E
D
L
A
N
O
I
T
I
S
N
TRA
s together
h
p
a
r
g
a
r
a
p
d
n
a
s
e
-links sentenc

I shall leave at 4:00 this afternoon, although I

arrived at 7:00 in the morning.
People use 43 muscles when they frown; however,
they only use 28 muscles when they smile.

MOST COMMONLY USED TRANSITIONAL DEVICES:

Coordinating Conjunctions:
and, but, or
Subordinating Conjunctions:
when, although, if, unless, in order that, because

 Conjunctive Adverbs:
however, therefore, moreover, nevertheless, consequently
Connective Phrases:
in conclusion, on the whole, under the circumstances
Clauses:
You must admit, if you will consider these facts, as I was saying

COHERENCE Proper words in proper places.

1. Plan the message.
2. Arrange ideas logically.
3. Avoid dangling modifiers.
4. Use proper transitional devices.
5. Write naturally and with ease.