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Gingival Diseases
Gingival Diseases
Gingival Diseases
Healthy
Periodontium
Gingivitis
Inflammation of the papillary and
marginal gingivae
Gingivitis may be more or less
pronounced depending upon the
plaque (quantity/quality) and the
host response
Clinical symptoms:
Bleeding on probing
Erythema
Eventual swelling
Gingival
Enlargement
Pregnancy
Gingivitis
During human gestation, pregnancy
associated gingivitis is characterized
by an increase in the prevalence
and severity of gingivitis during the
second and third trimesters of
pregnancy
Pregnancy Gingivitis
Increased levels of progesterone
Menopausal
Gingivitis
Menopause is defined as
having 12 consecutive months
without menstruation, marking the
end of perimenopause and
fertility.
Menopausal Gingivitis
CLINICAL FEATURES
Erythema, edema
thinning of the oral mucosa
altered taste (salty, sour, peppery, metallic)
pain or burning sensations (burning
tongue)
xerostomia, halitosis, and accelerated
attachment loss.
varies in color (pale to deep red)
Gingiva- dry, shiny, and bleeds easily.
Microbiology of
Gingival
Disease
Treponema denticola
Fusobacterium nucleatum
Agregatibacter actinomycetemcomutans
Prevotella Intermedia
Porphyromonas gingivalis
Tannerella forsythia
BIOFILM IS HIGHLY
RESISTANT TO
ANTIBIOTICS AND
ANTISEPTICS!
REFERENCES