MOTIVATION AND

LEADERSHIP
PART 1
kurniawangilang@yahoo.com

Motivation
Objective:
Define motivation
Explain motivation theory
Identified how to manage people
and construct their motivation

Motivation

m
ot
iv
as

ke
pu
a

All those inner-striving condition

described as wishes, desires, drives,
etc. It is an inner state that all
activates or moves. (Donnelly,
Gibson and Ivancevich: 1987
Motivation construct from particular
kesadaran
desire Keinginan
in some level
of intensity
Kemauan
sa
n

Tujuan

The Motivation Process

1. Unsatisfied
need
3. Need
satisfaction

2. Goal- directed
behaviour

Dissatisfaction appear toward something

This insufficient feeling motivate someone to perform
something where this action lead into certain objective
Once this objective fulfill, thus insufficient feeling
consider accomplish and motivation process end

MOTIVATION
CHARACTERISTIC

MOTIVE IS SOMETHING VERY COMPLEX

MOTIVE COULD EASILY CHANGE
EVERY PERSON HAS DIFFERENT MOTIVE
SEVERAL MOTIVE DIDNT NOTICE WELL

NOTE:
1. MOTIVATION DIRECTLY AFFECTING COMPANYS
PERFOMANCE
2. MOTIVATION CORRELATE TOWARD THE WAY
SOMEONE SATISFY PARTICULAR NEEDS
3. MOTIVATION IS AN INTERNAL STRENGTH WHICH
AFFFECTING PARTICULAR RESULT

FACTORS AFFECTING
MOTIVATION
1. INTERNAL FACTORS:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

DESIRE
DESIRE
DESIRE
DESIRE
DESIRE

TO
TO
TO
TO
TO

LIVE
OWN
BE RESPECTED
BE RECOGNITION
RULES / DOMINATE

FACTORS AFFECTING
MOTIVATION
2. EXTERNAL FACTORS:
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.

ENVIRONMENT CONDITION &

SITUATION
PROPER COMPENSATION
PROPER SUPERVISION
ASSURANCE TO GAIN INCOME
FLEXIBILITY REGULATION

Motivation Theories
Anda akan melihat fokus yang sangat
besar pada kepuasan karyawanyang akan
mengarahkan kita kepada kualitas yang
lebih tinggi, pertumbuhan yang lebih baik,
dan peningkatan profitabilitas Kodak
Quaker State yang baru adalah
melambangkan semangat baru dan janji
akan masa depan yang lebih baik bagi
setiap karyawan, ini adalah realisasi
kekuatan yang mereka miliki untuk
melakukan perbaikan Quaker State

Motivation Theories

Maslow hierarchy
of needs

Maslow Motivation Theory

Application
Kategori kebutuhan
Area Manajemen
Self-actualisation

Esteem

Social

Safety

Physiological

Tantangan pekerjaan
Memberikan peluang advancement
Mengijinkan kreativitas
Mendorong prestasi tinggi
Memperkenalkan dan mempublikasikan kinerja yang
baik
Ketepatan aktivitas kerja
Menghargai gelar pekerjaan
Tanggung jawab
Mengijinkan interaksi sosial
Menjaga stabilitas kelompok
Mendukung kerjasama
Keselamatan kerja
Keamanan kerja
Manfaat kerja
Gaji yang cukup
Kenyamanan kondisi kerja

Herzberg Motivation Theory

McGregor Motivation Theory

David Mc Clelland
PEOPLES BASIC NEEDS:
NEEDS OF ACHIEVEMENTS
NEEDS OF AFFILIATION
NEEDS OF POWER

Studi Kasus: Job Enrichment vs. Job

Enlargement

Volkswagen (VW) sempat

menderita kerugian sehingga
akhirnya ia bergabung dengan
Audi. VW harus menggunakan
robot untuk dapat bersaing dan
mempercepat proses produksi.
Meskipun demikian jumlah
pegawai perakitan tetap
ditambah namun lebih kepada
pengenalan pekerjaan,
tanggungjawab dan otonomi
kerja. Pendekatan ini
meningkatkan kesetiaan
pegawai, menurunkan absensi
dan rendah pergantian pegawai

Hotel Sahid Jaya melakukan

upaya agar setiap karyawan
diharapkan mampu
melakukan lebih dari satu
pekerjaan (multi skilling).
Misalnya, seorang pelayan
harus mampu bertugas di
berbagai restorannya, coffee
shop, banquet dan room
service. Selain itu, ia juga
harus mampu memberikan
informasi, dan bahkan
menarik calon tamu untuk
menginap. Dampaknya hotel
ini tidak perlu menambah
jumlah pegawai,

Latihan: Preferensi Kerja

Pikirkan jenis pekerjaan yang anda inginkan. Pilihlah faktor
berikut yang menurut anda paling penting dalam memotivasi
pekerjaan anda dan berikan score
1. Advancement (kesempatan untuk promosi)
2. Gaji (pendapatan dari kerja)
3. Benefit (liburan, asuransi, rekreasi)
4. Jadwal (waktu kerja, jam mulai kerja)
5. Lokasi (dalam negeri, luar negeri)
6. Penyelia (adil & berpengaruh)
7. Tanggung jawab (tepat, bermanfaat, akurat)
8. Keamanan (pekerjaan tetap, jaminan masa depan)
9. Tantangan (menarik & stimulasi kerja)
10. Kondisi kerja (nyaman & bersih)
11. Rekan kerja (kolega yang ramah & bekerjasama)
12. Organisasi (bekerja pada perusahaan yang membanggakan)
13. Kesempatan pelatihan & pengembangan (kursus, seminar)

How To Motivate Employee?

Proper compensation (merit system,
across the board, incentive)
Secure feeling
Flexible time schedule
Employee involvement program

How To Motivate Employee?

Proper compensation; increase salary and
bonus depend on each performance, offer
stock ownership, etc
Secure feeling; warranty of conducive working
condition , insurance, medical care, etc
Flexible time schedule; allowing employee to
make its own schedule, shift rotation, etc
Employee involvement program; job
enlargement, job rotation, participative
management, team work, etc

Optical Illusion Quiz

which square is darker, A or B?

Answer is:
equal

Ethical Question
Question 1: If You Knew A Woman Who Was Pregnant, Who
Had Eight Children Already, Three Who Were Deaf, Two Who
Were Blind, One Mentally Retarded, And She Had Syphilis,
Would You Recommend That She Have An Abortion?
Remember Your Honest Answer And Go To Question 2.
Question 2: It Is Time To Elect The World Leader, And Your
Vote Is The Deciding Vote. Here Are The Facts About The
Three Leading Candidates:
Candidate A: He Associates With Crooked Politicians, And
Consults With Astrologers. He's Had Two Mistresses. He Also
Chain Smokes And Drinks Up To Ten Martinis A Day.
Candidate B: He Was Ejected From Office Twice, Sleeps
Until Noon, Used Opium In College And Drinks A Large
Amounts Of Whisky Every Evening.
Candidate C: He Is A Decorated War Hero. He's A
Vegetarian, Doesn't Smoke, Drinks An Occasional Beer And
Hasn't Had Any Extra-marital Affairs.
Which Of These Candidates Would Be Your Choice? Decide,

Ethical Question Answer

Question 1 if your answer is Yes: you
just killed Beethoven
Question 2
Candidate A is Franklin D Roosevelt,
Candidate B is Winston Churchill,
Candidate C is Adolph Hitler.

THANK YOU