Word Formation

BY :
HARDANING LAKSONO
MUH. AMIN FAHMI
NAIN DHANIARTI RAHARJO

Types of Word Formation

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Compounding
Conversion
Clipping
Blends
Backformation
Acronyms
Onomatopoeia
Eponyms

1. Compounding
Definition:

Two or more words

joined together to form a new
word.
Examples:
Home + work homework
Pick + pocket pickpocket

Note: The meaning of a compound is not

always the sum of the meanings of its parts.
Coconut oil oil made from coconuts.
Olive oil
oil made from olives.
Baby oil
oil
NOT
foroil
babies
made from babies
cathouse
a house where men visit prostitutes

2. Conversion
Definition: Assigning

an already existing
word to a new syntactic category.
Examples:
butter (N) to butter the bread
permit (V) an entry permit
empty (A) to empty the litter-bin

3. Clipping

Definition: Shortening a polysyllabic word by

deleting one or more syllables
Examples:
Facsimile fax
Hamburger burger

Gasoline gas
Advertisement adv

4. Blends

Definition: Similar to compounds, but

parts of the words are deleted.
Examples:

Motor + hotel Motel

Breakfast + lunch Brunch
Wireless + Fidelity Wi-Fi

Is this a blend?

Case Study: Blends or Compunds

Wild-haired revolutionaries like Che Guevara have been

replaced by clean-cut metrosexual icons like soccer
star David Beckham and musician Ricky Martin.
(cbsnews.com, 25th November 2003).

No botox for the Retrosexual. No $1,000 haircuts. The

retrosexual man eats red meat heartily and at times
kills it himself. (The Washington Dispatch, 2nd May
2004).

Another recent coinage borne out of the current

preoccupation with male stereotyping is the noun and
adjective technosexual. (Macmillan Online, January
2005).

5. Back-formations

Definition: Creative reduction due to

incorrect morphological analysis.
Examples:
editor (1649)
edit (1791)
television (1907)
televise (1927)

6. Acronyms

Definition: Words derived from the initials of

several words
Examples:

severe acute respiratory syndrome

SARS
Self-contained underwater breathing apparatus
SCUBA

Other examples of Acronyms:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

Radar
FYI
TGIF
a.k.a
Html
www
SWOT

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)

Radio detecting and ranging

For Your Information
Thanks God Its Friday
also known as
Hypertext mark-up language
World wide web
Strengths, Weaknesses,
Opportunities and Threats

7. Onomatopoeia

Definition: Words created to sound like the

thing that they name.

English

Japanese

Tagalog

Indonesian

Cock-a-doo Kokekokko Kuk-kakauk Kukuruyuk

Meow

Nya

Niyaw

Meong

8. Eponyms
Definition:

Words derived from

proper names or things.
Examples:
Kodak
Sandwich
Celcius

Complete the process and

Identify the type of word formation:
1. Return on Investment
2. information, entertainment
3. modulator, demodulator
4. love, seat
5. International, police
6. A comb
7. delicatessen
8. Capt. Charles Cunningham Boycott

ROI

acronym
Infotainment blends
Modem
blends
Loveseat compounding
Interpol
blends
To comb
conversion
Deli

clipping
Boycott
eponym