TRIBALS IN

INDIA

AME
: BIKRANT ROY
ASS
: VII B
OLL NO: 06
UBJECT : SST

THEAPATANIS

The Apatanis are settled in the lower Subansiri district of

Arunachal and are one of the most advancing tribes of the state.
There are no literary sources regarding the origin and migration
of the Apatanis and the archaeological evidences are too
meagre to throw however, the Apatanis have preserved
different myths and traditions, which throw welcome light on all
aspects of their life including their origin and migration.

Abujmaria
These Indian tribes can be seen in the
mountain regions of Madhya Pradesh.
These tribes of India have a very deep
history. In the earlier period Abujmaria
tribes were known as Abudjamadis,
Abujmariya and Hill Maria. These Indian
tribes were considered as a sub part of
the important gonds tribes (discussed
earlier) who played a pivotal role in
knowing the original Indian tribes.
These tribes of India are generally found

The Adivasi Girasia of India

The Adiwasi Girasia, inhabits the Banaskantha and
Sabarkantha districts of northern Gujarat State of
western central India.The Adiwasi Girasia are the
descendants of the Rajput who married Bhil women.
During the thirteenth century, many poor Rajput fled
to the Vindhya and Aravalli hills where they mixed
with the Bhil settlers
What are their beliefs?
Sixty percent of the Adiwasi practice ethnic religions, and 30% are
Hindus. The latter respect cows, worship the millions of Hindu gods,
and also believe in many spirits. They all have a strong fear of
ghosts, spirits of the dead, and black magic.
What are their lives like?
Among the Adiwasi Girasia, the average land holding is small and
therefore, the man of the household is able to do all of the work
himself. Their strong sense of community often leads to an exchange
of field labor among themselves. Maize is the staple food grown by all
families. Many also depend on forest produce as a means of support.
The people are generally vegetarians and are no longer addicted to
alcohol like other Bhil tribes.

Adiyan
Population: 9690

Adiyan - The wordAdiyanmeans slave.

in Malayalam. The Adiyans are found in
the them are agricultural labourers. It is
believed that they were agrWayanad and
Kannur districts of Kerala. Most of icultural
slaves in the past. During the annual festival
at the Valliyurkkavu temple in
Mananthavady, Wayand, the Adiyar people
used to gather where they were sold and
bought by landlords.

Ahir
Place /Location (then and

now)
Bihar, Madhya Pradesh,
Uttar Pradesh & Bengal
Population
750,000
Languages spoken
Hindi
Religion/God
Lord Krishna
Food
Rice, wheat , millet,
mutton, chicken, fish &
eggs

Aka
These tribes are found
mainly in the Andaman
Islands, Arunachal
Pradesh and also in parts
of Assam. The Aka
people are so named for
a black, sticky paint they
use on their faces.They
used to speakAka(now
an extinct language) on
the Andaman Islands
andAka Lel, a dialect
ofNisi, in Assam.The
Aka people in Assam
celebrate the Nechido
Festival every year on
the first day of
November.

Alar Tribe
Alar is a tribal community
settled in the regions of
Palakkad District,Kerala.
They are also known by
different names such as
Chathans and Chatans. The
Alar andMalayalamare the
two languages spoken by
them.Alars perform the
Chatthankali, a dance form
prevalent in many areas of
PonnaniandTirurin
Malappuram District. The
dance is performed in the
attire of a village deity, with
the accompaniment of
percussion instruments.

Amri Karib
The Karbis are the principal tribal
community in theKarbi Anglong
district ofAssam, a district
administered as per the
provisions of the Sixth Schedule
of the Constitution of India,
having an autonomous district of
their own since 17 November
1951.[3]Besides Karbi Anglong
district, the Karbi-inhabited areas
includeDima Hasao,Kamrup,
Marigaon district,Nagaon,
Golaghat,KarimganjandSonitpur
districts ofAssam; Balijan circle
ofPapumparedistrict in
Arunachal Pradesh,Jaintia Hills,
Ri BhoiandEast Khasi Hills
districts inMeghalaya, and
Dimapur DistrictinNagaland.
Apart from Assam, the Karbis are
also recognised as Scheduled
Tribes in Meghalaya, Mizoram and

Anal tribe
The Anal live in the
Manipur region of northeast India, which is
surrounded by the
Imphal valleyto the
north,Churachandpur
to the west, theChin
Hillsto the south and
Kabaw valleyto the
east. The area is very
hilly, with thick jungles
and many wild
animals.According to
the 2001 census, there
are approximately
21,242 Anal in
Manipur.In 1981 they
were living in 45

Angami tribe
The Angami Nagas are hill people
depending basically on cultivation
and livestock-rearing. The Angamis
are known for
terraced wet-rice cultivation;
because of this labor-intensive
cultivation, land is the most
important form of property among
the Angamis. Angamis are one of
the only two groups ofNagasout
of the seventeen who practice wetrice cultivation on terraces made
on the hill slopes. This allows them
to cultivate the same plot year
after year. They depend, to a very
small extent, on slash-and-burn
cultivation. Angamis were
traditionally warriors, the Angami
men spent majority of their time in

Ahom tribe

TheAhom people ofAssamare

the descendants of the ethnic
Tai peoplethat accompanied the
Tai princeSukaphaainto the
Brahmaputravalley in 1228 and
ruled the area for six centuries.
Sukaphaa and his followers
established theAhom kingdom
(1228-1826) and the
Ahom dynastyruled and
expanded the kingdom until the
British gained control of the
region through theTreaty of
Yandaboupon winning the
First Anglo-Burmese Warin 1826.
The kingdom established by the

Bakarwals tribe
Bakarwal(orBakharwal) is a
nomadictribe based in thePir
PanjalandHimalayanmountains
ofSouth Asia. They are mainly
goatherdsandshepherds. They
are called asDhangarin rest of
India.
Bakarwals are spread throughout the northern
part of the Himalayan Range. This includes the
states ofUttarakhand,Himachal Pradesh,
Punjab (India)inIndia. InPakistan, Bakarwals
are found in the hilly northern parts of
Punjab (Pakistan)as well as parts of the
North West Frontier Province.In
Jammu and Kashmirin India, Bakarwals are
found in all three regions of the state including
Jammu (comprising the districts ofJammu,
Kathua,Udhampur,Poonch,RajouriandDistrict
), the Kashmir Valley (comprising the diatrict
ofSrinagar,Baramulla,Kupwara,Pulwama,
BudgamandAnantnag) andLadakh(comprising
the district ofLadakhandKargil).In Pakistan,
Bakarwals inhabit theNorthern Areas(Gilgit,
theHunza ValleyandBaltistan) and

Banjaras
TheBanjaraare a class of
usually described as nomadic
people from the Indian state of
Rajasthan, North-West Gujarat,
and Western Madhya Pradesh
and Eastern Sindh province of
pre-independence Pakistan.
They claim to belong to the
clan of AgnivanshiRajputs, and
are also known as Lakha
Banjara means
'Lakhapati',Banjari, Pindari,
Bangala, Banjori, Banjuri,
Brinjari, Lamani, Lamadi,
Lambani, Labhani, Lambara,
Lavani, Lemadi, Lumadale,
Labhani Muka, Goola,
Gurmarti, Gormati, Kora,
Sugali, Sukali, Tanda, Vanjari,

tribe

Bhils tribe

The Bhils are considered as the

third largest and most widely
distributed tribal groupsin India.
The name "Bhil" was probably
derived from the
wordvilluorbillu, which in most
Dravidian languages is the word
for "bow." The bow has long been
a characteristic weapon of the Bhil
because the tribesmen always
carry their bows and arrows with
them. The Bhil tribes inhabit some
of the most remote and
inaccessible areas of India.There
are two divisions of Bhils: the
Central or "pure" Bhils, and the
Eastern or Rajput Bhils. The
Central Bhils live in the mountain
regions in the states of Madhya
Pradesh, Gujarat and Rajasthan.
They are known as the connecting
link between the Gujaratis and the

TheCheroarescheduled caste, found

Cheros tribe
in the states ofUttar PradeshandBihar
, inNorth India.[2]
The community claims to have
originally beenChandravanshiRajputs.
Other members of the tribe claim to be
Nagvanshi. The Chero are essentially
one of many tribal communities, such
as theBharandKol, that inhabit the
southeastern corner ofUttar Pradesh.
They were the traditional rulers of
northBihar, until they were disposed
by theRajputs. They are now found in a
territory extending fromAllahabadin
the west, andMuzaffarpurin the east.
The Chero have two sub-divisions, the
Mahto and Chaudhary.[3]

Gaddi tribe

TheGaddiare a tribe living

mainly in the Indian states of
Himachal Pradeshand
Jammu and Kashmir.
As of 2001, the Gaddi were
classified as a
Scheduled Tribeunder the
Indian government's reserva
tion program
ofpositive discrimination.
This classification applied
through Jammu and Kashmir
and in certain parts of
Himachal Pradesh.

TheGondi(Gndi)
Gond
orGondpeople are people in
central India, spread over the
states ofMadhya Pradesh,
easternMaharashtra(
Vidarbha),Chhattisgarh,
northernAndhra Pradesh,
andWestern Odisha. With
over four million people, they
are the largesttribein
Central India.[2]
Gond or Rajgond are same
tribes. The term Raj Gond was
widely used in 1950s, but has
now become almost obsolete,
probably because of the
political eclipse of the Gond
Rajas.[3]
TheGondi languageis related
toTeluguand other
Dravidian languages. About
half of Gonds speak Gondi
[4]

tribe

Naga tribe
The termNaga peoplerefers to a
conglomeration ofseveral tribes
inhabiting the North Eastern
part ofIndiaand north-western
Burma. The tribes have similar
cultures and traditions, and form
the majority ethnic group in the
Indian statesofNagaland,
Manipur,Arunachal Pradeshand
Assam, as well asMyanmar. Out
of the numerous unique
identities of the Nagas, the most
unique traditional items that can
be found in almost all of the Naga
tribes and that distinctly
separate Nagas from the other
tribals are the Conical red
headgear decorated with wildboar canine teeth and whiteblack Hornbill feathers, the spear
with the shaft decorated with

Santhals tribe
A step forward, in our Indian
tribal tour takes us to Santhal
tribe. With a population of more
than 49000, Santhal tribes are
the third largest tribes in India.
Belonging to pre Aryan period,
these tribes of India are found in
regions of West Bengal, Bihar,
Orissa and Jharkhand. Many call
them as the tribes
at extreme, a visit to their place
will surly get your moneys worth.
Santhal Tribesof India take pride
in their past. Historically, these
Indian tribes were at front end
against
Britishers, and their heroics
against Lord Cornwallis are well
known. Many famous
personalities such
as Sidhu and Baba Tilka Majhi
were part of these enthusiastic

Munda tribe
TheMundaaretribal (Adivasi)
people of theChota
Nagpur Plateauregion.
They are found across, and into
parts ofBangladesh. Their
language isMundari, which
belongs to theMunda subgroup
of theAustroasiatic
language family.
There are estimated to be two
million Munda people.

Kolis tribe

TheKoli peopleare historically

an ethnic group native to
Rajasthan,Himachal Pradesh,
Gujarat,Maharashtra,
Uttar PradeshandHaryana
states.
The Kolis of Gujarat intermixed
withRajputsdue to the practice
ofhypergamousmarriage,which
was commonly used to enhance
or secure social status as, for
example, with theNairsand
NambudiriBrahminsofKe-rala
.Some Kolis had also once held
smallprincedomsbefore the
British Rajperiod and some were
still significant landholders and
tenants in the twentieth
century.However, most Kolis had
lost their once-equal standing
with thePatidar community due
to the land reforms of the Raj
period and, for example, most

Koragas tribe
TheKoragasare a tribal
community found mainly in the
Dakshina Kannada,Udupi
districts ofKarnatakaand the
Kasaragod districtofKerala,
south India. These areas in
Karnataka, are altogether often
referred to asTulu Nadu.They
are also found in small numbers
in adjoining districts ofUttara
-Kannada,ShimogaandKodagu
.The Koraga are classified by the
Government of India as a
Scheduled Tribe.
The Koraga, who numbered 16,071
according to the 2001 census of
India,have their own language,
classified as an independent
dravidian language,which is
strongly influenced by Kannada,
Malayalam and Tulu languages
commonly found in their area.

Maravars tribe

Maravar are aTamilcommunity of the

state ofTamil Nadu, southern India, and
are one of the three branches of the
Mukkulathorconfederacy.Maravars are
found predominantly in the Southern
districts of Tamil Nadu, such as Madurai,
Theni, Sivagangai, Ramanathapuram,
Dindigul, Virudhunagar, Thirunelveli,
Thoothukudi and districts of Tamil Nadu.
They are also found in central districts of
Tamil Nadu like Pudukottai, Thanjavur,
Thiruvarur, Nagapattinam and Tiruchy.
They ruled portions of Tamil Nadu along
with the Kallars. The Southern martial arts
of Kalarippayattu, Silambam, Varma Kalai
have been practiced primarily by Kallars,

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