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11B - Chapter 11, Secs 11.4 - 11.7 Black
11B - Chapter 11, Secs 11.4 - 11.7 Black
General Considerations
General Considerations
Computational Features/Limitations of the LMTD Method:
The LMTD method may be applied to design problems for
which the fluid flow rates and inlet temperatures, as well as
a desired outlet temperature, are prescribed. For a specified
HX type, the required size (surface area), as well as the other
outlet temperature, are readily determined.
If the LMTD method is used in performance calculations for which
both outlet temperatures must be determined from knowledge of the
inlet temperatures, the solution procedure is iterative.
For both design and performance calculations, the effectiveness-NTU
method may be used without iteration.
Definitions
Definitions
q
qmax
0 1
Maximum possible heat rate:
qmax Cmin Th , i Tc , i
Cmin
Ch if Ch Cc
or
Cc if Cc Ch
Will the fluid characterized by Cmin or Cmax experience the largest possible
temperature change in transit through the HX?
Why is Cmin and not Cmax used in the definition of qmax?
Definitions (cont.)
HX Relations
q m h ih ,i ih , o
or
q Ch Th,i Th , o
or
q mc ic , o ic ,i
q Cc Tc , o Tc ,i
q Cmin Th ,i Tc ,i
Performance Calculations:
f NTU , Cmin / Cmax
Cr
Relations Table 11.3 or Figs. 11.14 - 11.19
HX Relations (cont.)
Design Calculations:
NTU f , Cmin / Cmax
Relations Table 11.4 or Figs. 11.14 - 11.19
For all heat exchangers,
with Cr
For Cr = 0, a single NTU relation applies to all HX types.
1 exp NTU
or
NTU 1n 1
Compact HX
jh St Pr 2 / 3
St h / Gc p
G Vmax
0.862
Problem 11.65: Use of fluted spheres and solid spheres to enhance the performance
of a concentric tube, water/glycol heat exchanger.