This document provides an anatomical summary of the upper and lower limbs. It discusses the brachial plexus and nerves of the upper limb, including the musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, axillary, and radial nerves. It also summarizes the lumbosacral plexus and nerves of the lower limb, including the femoral, obturator, superior gluteal, sciatic, tibial, and fibular nerves. The document concludes by discussing blood supply and venous drainage of the lower limb.
This document provides an anatomical summary of the upper and lower limbs. It discusses the brachial plexus and nerves of the upper limb, including the musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, axillary, and radial nerves. It also summarizes the lumbosacral plexus and nerves of the lower limb, including the femoral, obturator, superior gluteal, sciatic, tibial, and fibular nerves. The document concludes by discussing blood supply and venous drainage of the lower limb.
This document provides an anatomical summary of the upper and lower limbs. It discusses the brachial plexus and nerves of the upper limb, including the musculocutaneous, median, ulnar, axillary, and radial nerves. It also summarizes the lumbosacral plexus and nerves of the lower limb, including the femoral, obturator, superior gluteal, sciatic, tibial, and fibular nerves. The document concludes by discussing blood supply and venous drainage of the lower limb.
Matthew 13:46. and upon finding one pearl of great value, he went and sold all that he had ...
THE ANATOMICAL PEARlS
Assoc Prof dr Hamiadji And the twelve gates were twelve pearls: every several gate was of one pearl: and the street of the city was pure gold, as it were transparent glass. REV 21:22. August 2015
ANATOMY PEARLS ON THE UPPER LIMB
The brachial plexus is a network of anterior rami of Spinal Nerves C5 to Th1 The brachial plexus forms 3 cords surrounding the axillary artery that later become the 5 peripheral nerves of the upper limb The Musculocutaneous nerve innervates anterior muscles of the arm + skin of lateral of forearm The Median nerve innervates the pronator + the thenar + flexors of the forearm & lateral of anterior of hand
The Ulnar nerve innervates flexors of the
fingers + most of the intrinsic muscles of the hand (hypothenar and muscles) & sensory of medial of the hand The Axillary nerve innervates Teres minor and Deltoid muscles & sensory of upper lateral of arm The Radial nerve innervates extensors + supinator of upper limb & sensory of dorsal of upper limb + dorso lateral of hand Nerves that run in apposition with bones: Axillary surchical neck humerus Radial radial groove of humerus Ulnar ulnar groove of lateral epicondyle humerus
Nerves that run with arteries:
- Axillary circumflex artery of humarus - Radial deep branch of brachial artery - Ulnar superior collateral ulnar artery Bloodflow of the hand: From the palmar side (anterior palmar arches) to the dorsum of the hand (superficial veins of hand) The radius articulates direct with the scaphoid and the lunate so force will be directly transmitted The articulation between radius & ulna is a fibrous joint with fibers directed from radius down to the ulna, so transmit the
ANATOMY PEARLS ON THE lower LIMB
The Lumbosacral plexus is a network of eight anterior rami of spinal nerves L12345 S123 Four nerve trunks innervate the lower limb - Femoral nerve L234 posterior division - Obturator nerve L234 anterior division - Superior gluteal nerve L45 - Sciatic nerve L345S123 The Femoral flexes the hipjoint + sensory medial of LL The Obturator adducts the hipjoint + sensory medial thigh The Superior gluteal abduct the hipjoint + sensory layeral thigh The Sciatic extends the hipjoint + sensory leg and foot
The Sciatic consist of 2 division;
- Tibial nerve supplies: hamstrings, posterior of leg, sole of foot - Fibular nerve supplies: lateral leg, anterior leg, dorsum of foot A lesion of Tibial nerve above the knee joint result in inability to stand on tiptoes A lesion of common fibular nerve result in foot drop (inability to evert + extend the foot) resulting in the high step & flop gait.
Dorsiflexion & plantarflexion of the foot occur at the
ankle joint. Eversion & inversion occur at the subtalar joint A lesion to the Superficial Fibular nerve results in inability to evert the foot + sensory loss of dorsum of foot A lesion to the Deep Fibular nerve results in inability to extend the foot + sensory loss between toe 1 &2 Relation of structures in the femoral triangle = NAVeL (Nerve,Artery,Vein,empty,Lymphnode) The chief bloodsupply of LL is by the Femoral artery The venous drainage of the leg has perforating veins to prevent blood flowing to superficial veins (preventing varices)
Again, the kingdom of heaven is like
a merchant seeking fine pearls,. Matthew 13:46. and upon finding one pearl of great value, he went and sold all that he had ...