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Pengantar Ekonomi Makro Sesi Kedua Ver 2 5 Sep 2012
Pengantar Ekonomi Makro Sesi Kedua Ver 2 5 Sep 2012
Bagian Pertama
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Andri Wijanarko,SE,ME
andri_wijanarko@yahoo.com
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Adam Smith
An Inquiry into the Natures and
Causes of the Wealth of Nations
(1776)
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Founder of Microeconom
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Great Depression #1
It was the longest, most
widespread, and deepest
depression of the 20th
century.
Great Depression #2
The Great Depression
had devastating effects
in virtually every
country, rich and poor.
Personal income tax
revenue, profits and
prices dropped, while
international trade
plunged by more than
50%.
Unemployment in the
U.S. rose to 25%, and
in some countries rose
as high as 33%
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Great Depression #3
The depression originated in the U.S., starting with the fall in stock prices that
began around September 4, 1929 and became worldwide news with the stock
market crash of October 29, 1929 (known as Black Tuesday). From there, it
quickly spread to almost every country in the world.
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Great Depression #4
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Great Depression #5
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Great Depression #6
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Definition of Economics
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Definition of Economics #1
Paul A. Samuelson
Studies how the prices of labor,
capital, and land are set in the
economy, and how these price are
use to allocate resources.
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Definition of Economics #2
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Definition of Economics #3
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Definition of Economics #4
Definition of Economics #5
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Definition of Economics #6
Definition of Economics #7
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Definition of Economics #8
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Keywords of Economics :
a) study
b) societies use scarse resources
c) produce valuable commodities
d) distribute
e) different people
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Root of Macroeconomics
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Root of Macroeconomics #1
Microeconomics examines the behavior of
individual decision-making unitsbusiness
firms and households.
Macroeconomics deals with the economy
as a whole; it examines the behavior of
economic aggregates such as aggregate
income, consumption, investment, and the
overall level of prices.
Root of Macroeconomics #1
Microeconomics
vs
Macroeconomics
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Root of Macroeconomics #2
Macroeconomists often reflect on the
microeconomic principles underlying
macroeconomic analysis, or the
microeconomic foundations of
macroeconomics.
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Root of Macroeconomics #3
Classical economists applied
microeconomic models, or market
clearing models, to economy-wide
problems.
However, simple classical models failed
to explain the prolonged existence of high
unemployment during the Great
Depression. This provided the impetus
for the development of macroeconomics.
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Inflation
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Output
Growth
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Unemployment
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Root of Macroeconomics #5
Root of Macroeconomics #6
There are three kinds of policy that the
government has used to influence the
macroeconomy:
Fiscal policy
Monetary policy
Growth or supply-side policies
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Root of Macroeconomics #7
Fiscal policy
refers to
government
policies
concerning taxes
and spending.
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Root of Macroeconomics #8
Root of Macroeconomics #9
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Components of Macroeconomics
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Components of Macroeconomics #1
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Components of Macroeconomics #2
Components of Macroeconomics #3
Goods-and-services market
Labor market
Money (financial) market
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Components of Macroeconomics #4
Households and the government purchase
goods and services (demand) from firms in the
goods-and services market, and firms supply
to the goods and services market.
In the labor market, firms and government
purchase (demand) labor from households
(supply).
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Components of Macroeconomics #5
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References :
a) Economics (Samuelson & Nordhaus)
b) Economics (Case, Fair)
c) Teaching material adopted from Fernando & Yvone Quijano
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