Renaissance (Italy and France)

RENAISSANCE
ARCHITECTURE
MCL - MITL
RENAISSANCE 1 GROUP 3
RENAISSANCE
c. 1400 1600
Conscious revival of the Graeco-Roman
style
Makes continuous acknowledgment of
antiquity as the stylistic norm and paragon
Adoption of Italianate motifs that became
ever more bizarre in the process of copying
and transmission
RENAISSANCE IN
ITALY
RENAISSANCE IN ITALY
EARLY RENAISSANCE
1400-1500
Also known as the Quattrocento
Concepts of architectural order were explored and rules
were formulated
The study of classical antiquity led in particular to the
adoption of Classical detail and ornamentation
Space was organized by proportional logic, its form and
rhythm subject to geometry, rather than being created by
intuition as in Medieval buildings.
HIGH RENAISSANCE & MANNERISM

Began in 1500 by Bramantes works
concepts derived from classical antiquity were developed
and used with greater surety
Monumentality, emulation of massive spatial effect of
Imperial Roman architecture and a more of Vitruvian used
of the language of orders
BAROQUE AND ROCOCO

17th to early 18th century
Movement, spatial invention, drama and freedom of detail
associated with the baroque are in someway a delayed
response to Michelangelo achievement
Possess a curvilinear elegance and sprightliness which
may be called Rococo, but a vein of severe monumentality
in the work of architects prepared the way for Neoclassical
tendencies
EARLY RENAISSANCE
IN ITALY
FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI (1377-1446)
Set an enduring stamp on the Early
Renaissance style
His architecture is based on simple modular
proportions, clarity of design, and a
standardized vocabulary of monolithic grey
stone columns and pilasters set against
white plaster walls
His forms depend less on ancient Roman
buildings than on the Tuscan Romanesque
FLORENCE, ITALY
WORKS OF FILIPPO BRUNELLESCHI
THE DOME OF FLORENCE CATHEDRAL
FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, FLORENCE
S. LORENZO, FLORENCE
MICHELOZZO di BARTOLOMMEO
(1396-1472)
Favorite architect of Cosimo deMedici
Though younger than Brunelleschi, continued
to mix Gothic and antique elements in an
architectural style that has been
characterized as on of the allusive contrast
He used polygonal piers and groin vaults
along with capitals and molding more
consciously based on Roman examples
FLORENCE, ITALY
WORKS OF MICHELOZZO di BARTOLOMMEO
MEDICI PALACE (PALAZZO RICARDI), FLORENCE
LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI (1404-1472)
A polymath and scholar turned architect
Wrote (by 1452) the first full-length architectural
treatise since Vitruvius (printed by 1485-1486)
He based the activity of an architect firmly in a
social and political context, provided a wealth of
practical information, and introduced an
architectural aesthetic based on order and
proportion, extending Pythagorean wholenumber musical ratios to the visual arts
First to understand the Vitruvian order
FLORENCE, ITALY
WORKS OF LEON BATTISTA ALBERTI
S. FRANCESCO, RIMINI
FAADE OF S. MARIA NOVELLA, FLORENCE
PALAZZO PITTI, FLORENCE
GIULIANO da MAIANO (1432-1490)
One of the several woodworkerarchitects in Renaissance Florence
He combines influences from
Brunelleschi
FLORENCE, ITALY
WORKS OF GIULIANO da MAIANO
PALAZZO PAZZI-QUARATESI
GIULIANO da SANGALLO
(1443-1516)
Most gifted Florentinearchitect of
the second half of the 15th century
Trained woodworker, specialized
with his brother Antonio in
architectural models and worked
together on fortifications
FLORENCE, ITALY
WORKS OF GIULIANO da SANGALLO
S. MARIA DELLE CARCERI, PRATO
ANTONIO AVERLINO (1400-1469)
Called Filarete
Received his early training as a goldsmith
and sculptor in his native, Florence, under
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Most important sculptural work: Bronze door
of St. Peters in Rome
Composed a curiously original Treatise on
Architecture which describes the building of
the imaginary city of Sforzinda
Bronze door of St. Peters
MILAN, ITALY
WORKS OF ANTONIO AVERLINO
OSPEDALE MAGGIORE , MILAN
DONATO BRAMANTE (1444-1514)
Later to be the founder of the High
Renaissance architectural style in
Rome
Worked as architect for the Sforza
Dukes of Milan for twenty years (14771499)
Born in Urbino, and trained as a painter
His early specialism in illusionistic
perspective informed his whole
architectural career
WORKS OF DONATO BRAMANTE
S. MARIA delle GRAZIE, MILAN
CERTOSA di PAVIA
COLLEONI CHAPEL, BERGAMO
MAURO CODUCCI ( 1440-1504)

Greatest Venetian architect of the 15th century
Combined technical brilliance and a knowledge of Albertis
work with a respect for Veneto-Byzantine forms
VENICE, ITALY
WORKS OF MAURO CODUCCI
S. ZACCARIA, VENICE
BUILDINGS IN VENICE DURING EARLY RENAISSANCE
CORTILE
PALAZZO DELLA CANCELLERIA
S. LORENZO
IN DAMASO
BUILDINGS IN ROME DURING EARLY RENAISSANCE
PALAZZO VENEZIA, ROME
S. AGOSTINO, ROME
Builty by Jacopo da Pietrasanta
S. MARIA della PACE, ROME

Built under Sixtus IVs patronage
S. SALVADOR, VENICE
By Giorgio Spavento
S. MARIA dei MIRACOLI, VENICE

By Pietro Lombardo
FAADE OF SCUOLA di S. MARCO, VENICE

Designed by Giovanni Antonio Buora, Pietro Lombardo and Codducci
BUILDINGS IN VENICE DURING RENAISSANCE
PALAZZO del CONSIGLIO, VERONA
BUILDINGS IN NAPLES DURING EARLY RENAISSANCE
ARAGONESE ARCH at the CASTEL NUOVO
HIGH RENAISSANCE
IN ITALY
RAPHAEL (RAFFAELLO SANZIO)
(1483-1520)
Came as young painter to Rome in 1508 to
work for Julius II
1514: Leo X appointed him architect-in-chief
of St. Peters and thereafter he supervised
most of the major architectural enterprises in
Rome
Sought to revive the sumptuousness of
Roman architecture
Made survey of ancient Rome and was at the
forefront of a more far-reaching and openminded interest in antiquity, strongly reflected
in his own buildings
ROME, ITALY
WORKS OF RAPHAEL
VILLA MADAMA, ROME
ANTONIO da SANGALLO (1484-1546)
Most maligned and misunderstood
architect of the 16th century
1516: appointed assistant to Raphael in
St. Peters
1520-1546:
architect-in-chief of St.
Peters
Dedicated and scrupulous archaeologist,
he surpervised as papal architect most
of Romes major buildings as well as
fortification of Papal State
ROME, ITALY
WORKS OF ANTONIO da SANGALLO
PALAZZO FARNESE, ROME
BALDASSARRE PERUZZI
(1481-1536)
Much of his career was spent in the
shadow of Bramante and Raphael, only
becoming assistant to Sangallo for St.
Peters
Imaginative and flexibles mind less
inclined to dogma than many of his
contemporaries
His ideas influenced Serlios books on
architecture
ROME, ITALY
WORKS OF BALDASSARRE PERUZZI
VILLA FARNESINA, ROME
WORKS OF BALDASSARRE PERUZZI
PALAZZO MASSIMO alle COLONNE, ROME
GIULIO ROMANO (1499-1546)
Began career in Raphaels workshop
and became his leading assistant
Both painter and architect
His buildings are constructed of local
materials (especially brick and
stucco), but have a grandeur rivalling
contemporary Rome and an
inventiveness
bordering
on
quirkiness
NORTHERN ITALY
WORKS OF GIULIO ROMANO
PALAZZO del TE, MANTUA
MICHELE SANMICHELI
(1499-1546)
1509-1520s: chief architect of
Orvieto Cathedral
1526: inspected the fortifications
of the Papal States with Sangallo.
He excelled in particular in the
masterly detailing of stone
facades
NORTHERN ITALY
WORKS OF MICHELE SANMICHELI
PALAZZO BEVILACQUA, VERONA
ANDREA PALLADIO (1508-1580)
Most celebrated architect of the
Renaissance
His penetrating studies of ancient
buildings and his systematic approach
to design led to a Classical style of
great adaptability yet sympathetic with
local materials and traditions, capable of
providing grandeur on a limited budget
Quattro Libri (1570), handbook of good
design
NORTHERN ITALY
WORKS OF ANDREA PALLADIO
TEATRO OLIMPICO, VICENZA
MICHELANGELO BUONARROTI
(1475-1564)
Profoundly influential not only in the
later 16th century but also in the
Baroque period
Combined a firm sense of the visual
unity of a building, often using giant
orders and strong horizontal cornices to
bind the design together, with a wilfully
unorthodox, often bizarre approach to
sculptural detail
FLORENCE AND ROME, ITALY
WORKS OF MICHELANGELO
DOME FOR SAINT PETERS
WORKS OF MICHELANGELO
LAURENTIAN LIBRARY, FLORENCE
GIACOMO della PORTA (1533-1602)
Most talented of the architects working in Rome towards
the end of 16th century
Became chief architect at St. Peters, constructing
Michelangelos dome
His works have a unity of design foreshadowing the
following century
FLORENCE AND ROME, ITALY
WORKS OF GIACOMO della PORTA
PALAZZO SENATORIO, CAPITOL HILL, ROME
BUILDINGS IN ROME DURING HIGH RENAISSANCE
S. PETERS BASILICA, ROME

Largest and most important
building of Renaissance
Owes the nucleus of its design
to Bramante, although many
architects were to work on it
The Papal Church then later
evolved into papal complex
with Palazzo, Library, Museum,
& Cloister
S. PETERS, ROME
S. PETERS, ROME
BAROQUE AND ROCOCO

IN ITALY
LEADING ARCHITECTS
BERNINI (1598-1680) represents the theatrical, entrepreneurial
side of the Roman Baroque, welding the arts of painting,
sculpture and architecture into spectacular unified effects
PIETRO da CORTONA (1596-1669) very powerful designer,
moving towards a strongly columnar architecture, marked by
dramatic chiaroscuro
FRANCESCO BORROMINI (1599-1667)
GUARINO GUARINI (1624-1683)
FILIPPINO JUVARRA (1678-1736)
FERDINANDO FUGA (1699-1782)
ALESSANDRO GALILEI (1691-1737)
BUILDINGS IN ITALY DURING BAROQUE AND ROCOCO
PALAZZO BARBERINI, ROME

By all leading architects of Roman Baroque
TEATRO FARNES, PARMA

By Giovanni Battista Aleotti
S. LORENZO, TURIN
RENAISSANCE IN
FRANCE
RENAISSANCE IN FRANCE
HISTORY
French Renaissance Architecture is the style of
architecture which was imported to France from Italy during
the early 16th Century and developed in the light of local
architectural traditions.
During the early years of the 16th Century the French were
involved in wars in Northern Italy, bringing back to France not
just the Renaissance art treasures as their war booty, but also
stylistic ideas.
EARLY PERIOD
1494 1610 or 16th Century
Chteau architecture: orders were used to link window-frames and
frontispieces into vertical sections, and to embellish fantastically
ornamented dormers and chimneys
Church architecture: Gothic ideas of proportion and stone-cutting
remained, despite a veneer of Renaissance vocabulary
French order: proposed by Philibert, with banded decoration to
conceal the joints
Verticality and rustication: the us of rusticated quoins, chines and
window-surrounds alternating vertical bands of brickwork
CLASSICAL PERIOD
1589 1715 or 17th century
notable for the dignity, sobriety and masculine quality of its foremost
building, resulting from the subordination of plan, composition and
detail of the unity of the whole, and the charity and simplicity with
which the elements were used
ornament, though somewhat coarse, is vigorous and reasonably
restrained
LATE PERIOD
18th Century (Rococo Style)
Architecturally, three stylistic phases may be distinguished.
Sovereign Louis XV
Sovereign Louis XVI
Empire 1790 - 1830
Rococo: style of interiors and no stylistic break is evident in the
design, of facades, which become simpler and less reliant on the
orders, often using vertical pilaster chaines; architecture of intimate
comfortable residence
FRANCE
1500-1600
PHILIBERT de LORME
(1510-1570)
Best-know French architect of the
17th century
Has 2 architectural treatise (1561
and 1567)
Combined knowledge of Italy and
ancient Rome with mastery of French
engineering in stone (stereotomy)
WORKS OF PHILIBERT de LORME
CHATEAU dANET, NORMANDY
JEAN
ANDROUET
du
CERCEAU (1585-1649)
Member of the large family of
architects
Particulary important as a
designer of hotels
WORKS OF JEAN ANDROUET du CERCEAU
HOTEL de SULLY, PARIS
FRANCOIS MANSART (1598-1667)
Leading figure in French 17th century
classical architecture
His career troubled by his
temperamental nature, his tendency
to change his ideas frequently and an
inability to compromise with patrons
Working mainly for the bourgeoisie,
he introduced significant changes into
hotel planning
WORKS OF FRANCOIS MANSART
CHATEAU de MAISONS, MAISONS
LOUIS LE VAU (1612-1670)
More adaptable if not as brilliant as
his contemporary Mansart
Most successful architect of his age
Ran huge workshop of painter,
sculptors and stucco-workers
Worked initially for the bourgeoisie
but from 1661 on, through his
connections with Fouquet and
Colbert, increasingly for the crown
WORKS OF LOUIS LE VAU
HOTEL LAMBERT, PARIS
WORKS OF LOUIS LE VAU
EAST FAADE of the PALAIS du LOUVRE, PARIS
WORKS OF SOLOMON de BROSSE
PALAIS du LUXEMBOURG, PARIS
RENAISSANCE IN France
BUILDINGS IN FRANCE DURING RENAISSANCE
CHATEAU de BLOIS
By KING FRANCOIS I
It has 564 rooms and 75 staircases although only 23 were used frequently. There
is a fireplace in each room. There are 100 bedrooms.
CHATEAU de CHAMBORD
Most exciting of the Loire chateaux in plan and structure
PALAIS de FONTAINEBLEAU
By KING FRANCOIS I
CHURCH OF SORBONNE, PARIS
PALAIS de VERSAILLES
FRANCE
1750-1830
LEADING ARCHITECTS
ANGE-JACQUES GABRIEL (1698-1782) most consistent and
refined of French 18th century architects
JACQUES-GERMAIN SOUFFLOT (1713-1780) son of
Burgundian lawyer, one of the most influential figures of the 18th
centure
CLAUDE-NICOLAS LEDOUX (1736-1806) began his career in
the genteel employment of Mme du Barry, but became Europes
most extreme practical exponent of neo-Classicism
PIERRE FRANCOIS LEONARD FONTAINE (1762-1853)
CHARLES PERCIER (1764-1838) Napoleons favorite architect
JACQUES-DENIS ANTOINE (1733-1801) leading architect of
the period after Gabriel
PLACE de la CONCORDE, PARIS
MADELEINE CHURCH, PARIS

By Pierre Vignon
ECOLE MILITAIRE, PARIS

Renaissance (Italy and France)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Renaissance (Italy and France)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

RENAISSANCE

HIGH RENAISSANCE & MANNERISM

BAROQUE AND ROCOCO

THE DOME OF FLORENCE CATHEDRAL

FOUNDLING HOSPITAL, FLORENCE

MEDICI PALACE (PALAZZO RICARDI), FLORENCE

FAADE OF S. MARIA NOVELLA, FLORENCE

PALAZZO PITTI, FLORENCE

S. MARIA DELLE CARCERI, PRATO

OSPEDALE MAGGIORE , MILAN

S. MARIA delle GRAZIE, MILAN

COLLEONI CHAPEL, BERGAMO

MAURO CODUCCI ( 1440-1504)

PALAZZO DELLA CANCELLERIA

PALAZZO VENEZIA, ROME

S. MARIA della PACE, ROME

BUILDINGS IN VENICE DURING EARLY RENAISSANCE

S. MARIA dei MIRACOLI, VENICE

FAADE OF SCUOLA di S. MARCO, VENICE

PALAZZO del CONSIGLIO, VERONA

ARAGONESE ARCH at the CASTEL NUOVO

VILLA MADAMA, ROME

PALAZZO FARNESE, ROME

VILLA FARNESINA, ROME

PALAZZO MASSIMO alle COLONNE, ROME

PALAZZO del TE, MANTUA

PALAZZO BEVILACQUA, VERONA

TEATRO OLIMPICO, VICENZA

DOME FOR SAINT PETERS

LAURENTIAN LIBRARY, FLORENCE

PALAZZO SENATORIO, CAPITOL HILL, ROME

S. PETERS BASILICA, ROME

BAROQUE AND ROCOCO

PALAZZO BARBERINI, ROME

TEATRO FARNES, PARMA

CHATEAU dANET, NORMANDY

HOTEL de SULLY, PARIS

CHATEAU de MAISONS, MAISONS

HOTEL LAMBERT, PARIS

EAST FAADE of the PALAIS du LOUVRE, PARIS

PALAIS du LUXEMBOURG, PARIS

CHURCH OF SORBONNE, PARIS

PLACE de la CONCORDE, PARIS

MADELEINE CHURCH, PARIS

ECOLE MILITAIRE, PARIS

You might also like