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AN INTRODUCTION TO

ACCOUNTING
Accounting 104

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Obtain an overview of what accounting is
2. Identify users of accounting data
3. Determine the difference between
bookkeeping and accounting
4. Explore the importance of ethics in accounting
5. Obtain an overview on GAAP and basic
accounting assumptions

THREE MAJOR STEPS

1. Identify
2. Record
3. Communicate

ASPECTS OF THE BUSINESS

Operations
Information Systems

INFORMATION SYSTEM

Includes accounting
data

ACCOUNTING DATA

For two sets of users


a. Internal
b. External

INTERNAL USERS

People within the


organization
Ex. Managers &
Supervisors

EXTERNAL USERS

People outside the


organization
Ex. Investors, Creditors,
Government, Customers

BOOKKEEPING VS ACCOUNTING

What is the difference?

BOOKKEEPING

Merely concerned about


the recording step

ACCOUNTING

Encompasses
bookkeeping and all the
three steps

ETHICS
Moral principles that govern a
persons or a groups behavior
A systematic concept of right and
wrong

GAAP

Generally-Accepted
Accounting Principles

GAAP

Standards of economic
reporting that are
generally accepted and
universally practiced

ASSUMPTIONS

Foundation for the


accounting process

ASSUMPTIONS

A thing that is accepted


as true or as certain to
happen, without proof

ASSUMPTIONS

Monetary Unit
Assumption
Economic Entity
Assumption

ECONOMIC ENTITY

Sole Proprietorship
Partnership
Corporation

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