Oncogenes

Yossy Yoanita Ariestiana

Pembimbing : Prof. Dr. drg. Harmas Yazid Yusuf,
Sp.BM

Introduction
Growth are essensial part in
living organism. It is normal,
organised and in balance.
Gene mutation
transformasion Change
normal cells into cancer
cells
3 kind of genes that
regulate normal growth :
protooncogene, tumor
suppressor, apoptosis

Definition

Proto-oncogene & Tumor

Suppressor Protein

Proto oncogene
Mutation

Tumor
Suppressor
Protein

Stimulate Cell Growth And

StimulateDivide
Cell Growth And
Divide
Oncogenes

Stop Cell Growth

Stop Cell Growth

Keep Cell Division

Turned On

 Schematic of
cancer
molecular basic

Oncogenes

ENCODE

Protein
Protein For
For

Growth Factor:
Factor:
Growth
Stimulate Cell
Cell
Stimulate
Division
Division
Receptor and
and
Receptor
cytoplasmic
cytoplasmic
protein that
that
protein
transduce the
the
transduce
signals
signals
Transcription
Transcription
Factor:
Factor:
Respond to
to
Respond
transduced
transduced
signal
signal
Protein that
that
Protein
counteract
counteract
programmed
programmed
cell death
death
cell

Clinical Significance

HER-2/neu (erbB-2)
Gene codes for a protein called human
epidermal growth factor receptor type 2.
Located on the surface of certain cell types,
and helps control the response of cells to
proteins called growth factors. When growth
factors come into contact with the receptor,
the cell is stimulated to begin dividing more
rapidly.

ras
Rasgene products are involved in signaling pathways that
help control transcription of genes that are involved in
cell growth and differentiation.
When therasgene is altered, its protein product is also
altered, and it can no longer turn off the regulatory
switch that controls cell growth.
Over expression or mutation of therasgene can lead to
uncontrolled cell growth, and the development of cancer.
Pancreatic, lung, thyroid, bladder, and ovarian cancers.

Thank You