MAGNETIC PARTICLE

TESTING

Magnetic particle Inspection(MPI) is a

non-destructive testing(NDT) process for detecting surface and
slightly subsurface discontinuities inferromagnetic materials
such asiron,nickel,cobalt, and some of theiralloys. The
process puts a magnetic field into the part. The piece can be
magnetized by direct or indirect magnetization. Direct
magnetization occurs when the electric current is passed
through the test object and a magnetic field is formed in the
material. Indirect magnetization occurs when no electric current
is passed through the test object, but a magnetic field is applied
from an outside source. The magnetic lines of force are
perpendicular to the direction of the electric current, which may
be eitheralternating current(AC) or some form ofdirect current
(DC) (rectified AC).

Advantages

High sensitivity (small discontinuities can be

detected).
Indications are produced directly on the
surface of the part and constitute a visual
representation of the flaw.
Minimal surface preparation (no need for
paint removal)
Portable (materials are available in aerosol
spray cans)
Low cost (materials and associated
equipment are relatively inexpensive)

Disadvantages

Only surface and near surface defects

can be detected.
Only applicable to ferromagnetic
materials.
Relatively small area can be inspected at
a time.
Only materials with a relatively
nonporous surface can be inspected.
The inspector must have direct access to
the surface being inspected.