ME1352 : DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS

by

M.Puviyarasan, Senior Lecturer

Department of Mechanical Engineering
Panimalar Engineering College, Chennai

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 1

Types

 Adaptive Design

 Developed / Innovative Design

 Inventive / New Design

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 2

OBJECTIVE
 To gain knowledge on the principles and
procedure for the design of Power
Transmission components.
 To understand the standard procedure
available for Design of Transmission sip terms
 To learn to use standard data and catalogues
 

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 3

Unit - I
DESIGN OF TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS
FOR FLEXIBLE ELEMENTS 9
 Selection of V belts and pulleys
 selection of Flat belts and pulleys
 Wire ropes and pulleys
 Selection of Transmission chains and Sprockets
 Design of pulleys and sprockets.

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 4

Unit – I Cont….
Flexible Machine Elements – Belts, Ropes, Chains
 Belts
 Pulleys are mounted on Shafts
 Continuous belt or rope is passed over them
 Amount Power transmitted depends upon several
factors
 For example Velocity of belt, Tension in the belt, Mass
of the belt, Arc of Contact between the belt & Smaller
pulley

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 5

Belts Cont….
Types of Flat Belt Drives
Open Belt Drive
 Shafts Parallel & Rotating in same direction
Open Belt Drive with one idler
 Small angle of contact on smaller pulley
 To increase Idler pulleys are provided
Open Belt Drive with many idlers
 Used to transmit motion from one shaft to several parallel
shafts
Crossed
/ Twisted Belt Drive
Compound Drive

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 6

Pulley
Velocity Ratio depends on pulley diameter

Should be selected very Carefully

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 7

Belt Drive . . .
V- Belts and Pulleys
 Mostly used with electric motors to drive
blowers, compressors, appliances (like Mixer,
grinder), Machine Tools
 Run in Sheaves
 V - belts made of Trapezoidal section
 Power transmission due to wedging action
between the belt & the V - groove in the Pulley
(Sheave).
V- Belts and Pulleys Cont . . .
 Groove angle in sheave is less than
Belt section Angle
 Clearance at bottom to prevent bottoming
 Multiple V-Belts can be used to increase the power
capacity
 High Velocity Ratio
 Can operate in any position
 Construction of V- grooved pulley is complicated &
Costlier
Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 10
Pulley Material
 Cast iron
 Economical, Stable, Durable

 Steel
 Pressed steel, Formed steel

 Die cast Aluminium

V- Belts and Pulleys Cont….
V- Belts and Pulleys Cont….
Belt Drives
Belt Drives Cont….
 Advantages
 Low initial cost
 Easy, flexible equipment design, as tolerances are not
important.
 Used for connecting shafts that are apart by large distance
 Drive is protected against overloads
 Isolation from shock and vibration between driver and
driven system.
 Driven shaft speed conveniently changed by changing
pulley sizes.
 Belt drives require no lubrication.
 Maintenance is relatively convenient
 Very quiet compared to chain drives, and direct spur gear
drives
Belt Drives Cont….
 Disadvantages
 Occupies more space
 It is not possible to get accurate velocity

ratio, because of slip

 Efficiency is less than that of gear drive

 Shorter life

 Belts are subjected to repeated (fatigue)

loading i.e., repeated flexing, as they pass over
pulley
Belt Drives Cont….
 Belt Types
 Based on belt cross section
 Flat-belt drive
 V- belt drive
 Round belt drive
 Flat belt Drive
 Open belt drive
 Crossed belt drive
 Quarter turn drive
 Fast and loose pulley drive
 Stepped pulley drive
 Belt drive with an idler pulley
Belt Drives Cont….
 Belt Materials
 Leather
 Cotton and canvas
 Rubber
 Nylon core Belts
 Balata Belts

Design by Manufacturer’s Data / Standard Procedure

Design by Basic Equations

Wire Ropes
 Used whenever large power is to be transmitted over
long distances
 Used in elevators, oil well Drilling, Mine hoists, cranes
conveyors, tramways, Bridges(Suspension)
 Material handling equipments
 Lighter weight & high strength to weigh ratio
 Silent operation even at high working speeds
 Less Danger for damage due to jerks
 Material: Wrought iron, Cast steel, Alloy Steel
 Wire Ropes Sheaves & Drums
Wire Ropes Cont…

Construction and specification

Wire Ropes Cont…
Wire Ropes Cont…

 Wire rope construction"

is designated 6x19 FC

RH OL FSWR
Wire Ropes Cont…
6 Number of strands that make up the rope

19 Number of wires that make up each strand

FC Fibre core

RH Right hand lay

OL Ordinary lay

FSWR Flexible steel wire rope

Designated as 6x19 FC RH OL FSWR

Chain Drives
 Between Belt & Gear Drive
 Has the adv. Of both Belt & Gear Drive
 Velocity Ratio less than 10, 25m/sec,125kW
 Popularly used in Transportation, Agriculture,
Building construction, Material handling
equipment.
 One chain can be arranged to drive several
sockets
 Can be operated under adverse temp. &
atmospheric conditions
Chain Drives Cont…
 Require precise alignment of shafts than
the belt drives
 Require take-up devices
 Types
 Link Chain / Welded
 Tansmission / Roller chain
 Silent Chain
Chain Drives Cont…
 Unit – I
For Exam
V-Belt & Chain Drive
Unit – I I
SPUR GEARS AND PARALLEL AXIS
HELICAL GEARS (9)
Gear Terminology
Speed ratios and number of teeth
Force analysis
Tooth stresses
Dynamic effects
Fatigue strength
Factor of safety
Unit – I I Cont….
 Gear materials
 Module and Face width
 Power rating calculations based on strength and wear
considerations
 Parallel axis Helical Gears
 Pressure angle in the normal and transverse plane
 Equivalent number of teeth-forces and stresses.
Estimating the size of the helical gears
Spur Gears
 Toothed wheels used for transmitting Motion &

Power

 Constant Velocity Ratio

 Can operate at high speeds & Can be used

where precise timing is required

 Large Power
Spur Gears Cont…
 Advantages
 No Slip, Exact velocity Ratio is obtained
 Can transmit motion at very low velocity

 Limitations
 Manufacturing needs special tools & equipments
 Manufacturing and Maintenance costs are

comparatively high
 Material
 Steel, Cast Iron, Bronze, Non metallic
Spur Gears Cont…
Spur Gears Cont…
Helical Gears
 Initial contact upon meshing is a line contact –
Spur gears
 Produces shock effect
 Results in reduced load capacity
 Noisy in operation

 Initial contact is a point

 Becomes a line of increasing length as contact continuous

 Simple modification of ordinary spur gears

 Teeth in form of helix around the gear
Helical Gears Cont…..
 End thrust in addition to tangential and radial loads
 To avoid we can use Herringbone gears
 Helical gears of opposite hands are mounted in pairs on a shaft.

 Noise , Load carrying capacity

 Automobiles, Turbines & high speed applications

 Noise , Load carrying capacity
Helical Gears Cont…
Helical Gears Cont…
Gears ! ! !
 THANK YOU

Pec / DoME / MP / Design of Transmission Systems/Contents 39