:

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.

.
...

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.

.

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. :

(, , )

( ): ,
, , , diesel, ,
,

( )

-
-LPG

()

3-4
.
... .

410 .
(50
200 oC).
.

( )

10-14 .

. 200
250 oC.

diesel
1420 .
225 350 oC. diesel (gas-oil
)
diesel (diesel fuel, maritime diesel oil)
.

(heavy fuel oil)

20
.
350 oC.

.

2 (21%), N2 (79%) Ar,
CO2, CH4, He .

C H2,
O2
C + 2 C2 + Q
H 2 + 2 H 2O + Q
: Q

+
+

C4 + 22 C2 + 2H2O + Q
C26 + 7/22 2C2 + 3H2O + Q
C38 + 52 3C2 + 4H2O + Q
C410 + 13/22 4C2 + 5H2O +
Q

,
( 2):
2 + 2 O +
2 + 2 +
2 + +
2 + 2 2

/ (/F):


: A

m
m

/ (F/A):

F mB m

A m m

/
/
/
/

.

, C3H8,
/
15:1,
/ 1:15.


/

/
:

(F/A)

(F/A)s


/


/:

1 A/F

A/F s

<1 >1
( )

>1 <1
( )

==1.

,
,

:


,
.
,

,
.

:




.

:









1 kgr
10 20%.

...,


.

...

. ,

,
42.500 kJoule/kgr.

,



.

,

,

,
.

:

,


:
,

.



.
x End of combustion

P,T

T
x

Ignition

:
(
):
,

:

(
)

: =1,2
<0,6 .

,
.

, 5.000 rpm.

1 :
2 :
3 : .

:

:

: 15 25 ,
15 20

1

.