Toxicologia para

emergncias
HAZMAT
Carlos Andr Vaz Junior

ual o nvel de poluio aceitvel?

Mtricas especficas para essas situaes:

http://www.aiha.org/insideaiha/GuidelineDevelopment/ERPG/Documents/ERPG_Values2010.
pdf
http://www.aiha.org/insideaiha/GuidelineDevelopment/ERPG/Documents/2011erpgweelhandbook_tab
le-only.pdf

Definies:
TheERPG-1is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hr without
experiencing other than mild transient adverse health effects or perceiving
a clearly defined, objectionable odor.
TheERPG-2is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hr without
experiencing or developing irreversible or other serious health effects or
symptoms which could impair an individual's ability to take protective
action.
TheERPG-3is the maximum airborne concentration below which it is
believed that nearly all individuals could be exposed for up to 1 hour
without experiencing or developing life-threatening health effects.

AEGL: Acute Emergency Guideline Levels

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Represent threshold exposure limits for the general public and
are applicable to emergency exposures ranging from 10
minutes to 8 hours. Three levelsAEGL-1, AEGL-2, AEGL-3are
developed for each of five exposure periods (10 minutes, 30
minutes, 1 hour, 4 hours, and 8 hours) and are distinguished
by varying degrees of severity of toxic effects. DOE guidance
is to use the 1 hour AEGL values, which appear in this
database.

http://www.epa.gov/oppt/aegl/index.htm

Definies:
AEGL-1is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per
million] or mg/m3[milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above
which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible
individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain
asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not
disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of
exposure.
AEGL-2is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of
a substance above which it is predicted that the general population,
including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or
other serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired
ability to escape.
AEGL-3is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of
a substance above which it is predicted that the general population,
including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening
http://www.epa.gov/oppt/aegl/pubs/define.htm
adverse health effects or death.

http://www.epa.gov/oppt/aegl/pubs/compiled_aegls_oct2010_v2.pdf

TEEL: Temporary Emergency Exposure Limits

SCAPA
TEEL-0is the threshold concentration below which most people will
experience no adverse health effects.
TEEL-1is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm [parts per
million] or mg/m3[milligrams per cubic meter]) of a substance above
which it is predicted that the general population, including susceptible
individuals, could experience notable discomfort, irritation, or certain
asymptomatic, nonsensory effects. However, these effects are not
disabling and are transient and reversible upon cessation of exposure.
TEEL-2is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of a
substance above which it is predicted that the general population,
including susceptible individuals, could experience irreversible or other
serious, long-lasting, adverse health effects or an impaired ability to
escape.
TEEL-3is the airborne concentration (expressed as ppm or mg/m3) of a
substance above which it is predicted that the general population,
including susceptible individuals, could experience life-threatening
adverse health effects or death.

Diferenas entre os ndices:

There are subtle difference in the definitions of AEGLs, ERPGs, and
TEELs and major differences in how they are developed and issued.
Differences in their definitions include:
AEGLs and TEELs pertain to the general population, including
susceptible individuals, but ERPGs pertain to nearly all
individuals.
AEGLs and TEELs are defined as the level above which certain
health effects are expected, while ERPGs are defined as the level
below which certain health effects are not expected.
ERPGs refer to exposure durations of 1 hour (with shorter periods
for some chemicals). AEGLs are developed for five time periods
(i.e., 10-minutes, 30-minutes, 1-hour, 4-hours, and 8-hours); the
PAC database includes the AEGL 1-hour value. TEELs will be
standardized on 1-hour in the near future.
Mais detalhes:

://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/aegls-erpgs-teels.htm

AEGLs and ERPGs are developed through a rigorous review of primary

sources of toxicological information, and the values eventually assigned
to each chemical are individually peer reviewed. ERPGs are formed
using a weight of evidence approach. AEGLs are typically based on the
results of a single key study. Both of these processes are painstaking
and time-consuming. Additionally, AEGLs are subject to a public
comment period and a further review by the National Academy of
Science before being considered final.
To produce limits in a more timely fashion while maintaining high
quality, TEELs are derived from secondary data sources using a peerreviewed algorithm. These sources are either existing exposure limits
designed to prevent adverse effects in humans or experimentally
derived toxicity parameters. It is important to emphasize that TEELs are
considered temporary; they are approximations of potential values and
are subject to change whenever new or better information becomes
available.
Additional information and reference links for AEGLs, ERPGs, and TEELs:

AEGLs
The U.S. EPA's AEGL Program has developed AEGLs to describe the risk
to humans resulting from once-in-a-lifetime, or rare, exposure to
airborne chemicals. The National Advisory Committee and National
Research
Council Committee on AEGLs are developing these guidelines
http://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/aegls-erpgs-teel

AEGL Chemicals provides a searchable database of AEGL values, as well

as a compiled listing of AEGL values.
Because there can be a time lag between the release of new AEGLs and
their incorporation in a revised PAC data set, please consult the AEGL
website for the latest information on new AEGL releases.
ERPGs
The AIHA Emergency Response Planning Committee develops
guidelines for responding to potential releases of airborne substances
for use in community emergency planning. ERPGs are air concentration
guidelines for single exposures to agents and are intended for use as
tools to assess the adequacy of accident prevention and emergency
response plans, including transportation emergency planning,
community emergency response plans and incident prevention and
mitigation. The AIHA Emergency Response Planning Committee
website provides information on the development of ERPGs.
ERPGs Levels for Select Chemicals (a PDF file) provides the official
listing of ERPG values.

Because there can be a time lag between the release of new ERPGs and
their incorporation in a revised PAC data set, please consult the ERPG
http://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/aegls-erpgs-te
website for the latest information on new ERPG releases.

TEELs
In the early 1990s, the DOE Office of Emergency Operations recognized
that ERPGs existed for only a limited number of chemicals (AEGL
development did not start until later in the decade.) As a result, the
DOE Office of Emergency Operations asked SCAPA for its
recommendations on appropriate substitutes so that DOE facilities
could conduct appropriate emergency preparedness hazard analyses
(EPHAs) and perform consequence assessments. TEELs, first referred
to as Alternative Guidelines Limits, were initially released in October
1992 and included values for approximately 65 chemicals. Today there
are well over three thousand chemicals for which TEELs are used to
provide one or more PAC values.
The TEELs Method and Practices Handbook details the specific methods
used to derive TEEL values. It also presents background information,
sample calculations showing how TEELs are derived, and quality
assurance measures used in the TEEL derivation process. A list of
useful reference documents related to TEELs is provided by SCAPA.

http://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/aegls-erpgs-te

PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals

(Chem PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals)
DOE: Department of Energy
Protective
Action
Criteria
(PACs)
are
essential
components for planning and response to uncontrolled
releases of hazardous chemicals. These criteria,
combined with estimates of exposure, provide the
information necessary to evaluate chemical release
events for the purpose of taking appropriate protective
actions. During an emergency response, these criteria
may be used to evaluate the severity of the event, to
identify potential outcomes, and to decide what
protective actions should be taken. These criteria may
also be used to estimate the severity of consequences of
an uncontrolled release and to plan for an effective
emergency response.

tp://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/default.htm

PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals

(Chem PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals)
Definio:
PAC values for emergency planning for chemical release events are based
on the following exposure limit values:
AEGL: values published by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA)
ERPG: values produced by the American Industrial Hygiene Association
(AIHA)
TEEL: values developed by SCAPA

tp://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/default.htm

PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals

(Chem PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals)
Definio:
For any particular chemical, DOE policy for its facilities and
activities established the following hierarchy of PAC values:
Use AEGLs (including final or interim values) if they are
available.
If AEGLs are not available, use ERPGs.
If neither AEGLs or ERPGs are available, use TEELs.

tp://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/default.htm

PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals

(Chem PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals)
Definio:
AEGLs, ERPGs, and TEELs have three common benchmark values
for each chemical (i.e., PAC-1, -2, and -3). Each successive
benchmark is associated with an increasingly severe effect that
involves a higher level of exposure. The three benchmarks present
threshold levels for:
1. Mild, transient health effects.
2. Irreversible or other serious health effects that could impair the
ability to take protective action.

3. Life-threatening health effects.

tp://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/default.htm

PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals

(Chem PAC: Protective Action Criteria for Chemicals)

DOE policy for its facilities and

activities established
irreversible health effects (the
-2 level) as the protective
action criterion benchmark for
chemical releases.

tp://orise.orau.gov/emi/scapa/chem-pacs-teels/default.htm

http://www.atlintl.com/DOE/teels/teel.html

HAZMAT
ABIQUIM
http://www.abiquim.org.br/geral.asp?princ=pub&pag=/publicacoes_migra/i
nfo&str_ID=33

HAZMAT

DOE HANDBOOK

//www.hss.doe.gov/nuclearsafety/techstds/docs/handbook/DOE-HDBK-1046-2008