M.

E Power Systems
Dissertation Phase-I Presentation
on

Designing of 5 Mw grid connected solar Photovoltaic

Presented by
Mr.Patel Shivam
(140370707501)

Under the Guidance of

MR.NISARG DAVE, M.E
Asst.Proff in Electrical Dept,PIET

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

PRSENTATION FLOW

Introduction
Literature review
Basic Algorithm
Work Plan
Simulation & result
Future Plan
Conclusion
References
Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

INTRODUCTION
Electricity generation in India is more depended on non renewable energy like a
crude oil.
Crude oil reserves in India would last for around 29 years. crude oil finished
predicated years because there must be another generation source.
The countrys total population with electricity has reached 881 million, 311 million
people, mainly poorer rural households are lacking power.
That creates demand of another energy source to meet requirement of rural area like
a solar energy.
India receives abundant solar irradiation round the year; with over 300 sunshine days
in a year it receives a daily average irradiation varying from 4.5 to 7kWh/m^2 in
most of the geographical areas.

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

FUTURE OF SOLAR
Current Installed Capacity: 3744 MW
Solar Potential: 748 GW (1GW = 1000 MW)
Target Future: The target is to have 100,000 MW of power generated MW
of power generated by solar in 2022.

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

CURRENT SCENARIO AS PER

MNRE

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

LITERATURE REVIEW
(1)Zahra moradi-shahrbabak, , Ahmadreza Tabesh, and Gholam reza
Yousefi ,industrial electronics, vol. 61, no. 7, July 2014,IEEE. Economi
cal Design of Utility-Scale Photovoltaic Power Plants With Optimum
Availability.
This paper presents an algorithm for the economical design of a utility-scale PV
power plant via compromising between the cost of energy and the availability of the
plant.
The algorithm inputs are the plant peak power and the price of inverters with respect
to their power ratings.
PV plant topologies connected with inverter are classified into four basic groups:
Centralized
ac modular
string
multistring

N
o

Name

connection

advantage

disadvantage

centraliz
ed

Series branch
are connected
parallel generate
rated power of
the pv power
plant.

The rated
power of the
pv plant is
increased.

Cost effective
due to using
single converter,
Efficiency &
reliability
decrease

string

Divided pv
High
energy system
efficiency.
into subsystems
with independent
string of series
connected PV
panel forming pv
string.

reliability
structure higher
than centralized
one, improve
high investment
cost.

Multi
string

Similar structure Efficiency will

string connected. Improve &
higher than
string

Cost is also
increase.

Ac
modular

Individual panel
connected Mppt

It is not Cost
efficient
structure large
scale pv plant.

Highly
efficient
&reliable

figure

 The number of PV panels in a series string is

The number of parallel strings associated to each inverter is given by

V(x)=dc side voltage of inverter

Vpv= rated voltage of PV panels in a PV power plant
Ptotal =the number of parallel strings associated to each inverter
Ppv =rated power of PV panel

Levelized cost of energy find out equation

(2)Paper proposed Matthew Campbell, Julie Blunden, Ed Smeloff, Peter

Aschenbrenner Sun Power Corporation PVSC 2009 35th IEEE
MINIMIZING UTILITY-SCALE PV POWER PLANT LCOE
THROUGH THE USE OF HIGH CAPACITY FACTOR
CONFIGURATIONS
The paper is defind PV plants at the utility scale is the competitiveness of their
energy generation cost with that of other sources.A common means of comparing the
relative cost of electricity from a generating source is through a levelized cost of
energy (LCOE) calculation.
The LCOE equation allows alternative technologies to be compared when different
scales of operation, investment or operating time periods exist.This paper reviews the
LCOE drivers for a PV power plant and the impact of a plants capacity factor on the
system LCOE.
Levelized cost of energy find out equation

(3)Paper purposed Ahmed Elasser, Mohammed Agamy, Juan Sabate,

Robert Steigerwald, Rayette Fisher November 2010 IEON 35th IEEE A
Comparative Study of Central and Distributed MPPT Architectures
for Megawatt Utility and Large Scale Commercial Photovoltaic
Plants
This paper evaluates the benefits of using a distributed PV architecture as compared
to the conventional plants with a central inverter based on a comparison of the energy
yield of each architecture.
These Paper study different distributed architectures & effect of partial shading,
module mismatch and cable losses.
When shading happens, the PV module performance is affected because of
significant reduction in the irradiance, hence the output current.
In string designs, when one module is affected by shading, it impacts the whole string
unless it is bypassed by a bypass diode. Bypass diodes tend to overheat and increase
system losses

10

(4) Paper purposed H. S. Krishnamurthy, S. Essakiappan, P. N. Enjeti,R.

S. Balog,S. Ahmed,APEC 27 annual February 2012 IEEE A New
Multilevel Converter for Megawatt Scale Solar Photovoltaic Utility
Integration.
This paper proposes a multi-level DC-AC converter concept for MW scale utility PV
plant
The plant is divided into a number of zones. The number of zones depends on the
voltage of the grid with which it is interfaced.
The DC voltage from each zone is converted to medium frequency (MF) AC using an
IGBT based full bridge inverter.
It is then fed to an MF transformer with 3 secondary windings (one for each phase),
stepped-up and then fed to a full bridge SiC-MOSFET based AC-AC converter to
generate 3-phase AC.
Usage of high voltage SiC MOSFET devices at the AC-AC converter leads to higher
efficiency. Further, the semiconductor devices are utilized more effectively.The
reduction in current decreases the cable size and cost
11

(5)Paper proposed tan kheng kwang syafrudin bin Masri, school of elec tri

-cal and electronic engineering, vol. 5, no. 4; August 2011, I 1913-1844 ,

Modern Applied Science Grid tie photovoltaic inverter for residential
application
This paper presents a grid tie inverter (GTI) in photovoltaic, PV system for residential
application.

The focus of this paper is on the switch mode DC-AC inverter.

The proposed GTI will be switched with a combination switching strategy of square
wave and the sinusoidal pulse width modulation, SPWM.

The

combination switching strategy will be discussed and the performance of the

inverter also will be simulated under grid tie condition in SIMULINK.

This

is a very simple inverter design consist of four numbers of IGBT gates, two
parallel with each other.

12

For the control circuit, the proposed design will be consisted of combination of
analogue and digital circuit.

The analogue circuit will be used to generate the signal require to do the switching of
the power circuit and the digital circuit which is consist of the micro-controller that
will be act as the brain of the control circuit.

The digital circuit will control the generate signals so that the signal will be in
sequence.

The inverter power circuit

13

Work plan

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

14

DESIGN OF 5 MW CALCULATION
PV module specifications
Photovoltaic technology produces electricity directly from electrons freed by the
interaction of sunlight with a solar panel made of semiconductor material. the power
provided is direct current (dc) electricity. the basic building block is known as a solar
cell.
Modules material: silicon material, wafer made of a thinly sliced piece, a crystal of
silicon.
Efficiency :overall range 15% to 22% depended types of material.
Solar cells types:monocrystalline,multicrystalline, thin film technology
Number of modules
Module data
Value
PV modules output voltage=250W
Voltage Pmax
29.0
Total Number of modules =5*10^6/250= 20,000
Current Pmax
8.62
Open Circuit
voltage

38.0

Short circuit
voltage

8.85

15

 Inverter specifications
A solar inverter, or PV inverter, converts the variable direct current (dc) output of
a photovoltaic (PV) solar panel into a utility frequency alternating current(ac).
Solar inverters have special functions adapted for use with PV arrays, including
Mppt and anti-islanding protection.
Inverter
Value
Solar types: on grid inverter, off grid inverter
data
Inverter calculation
Recommen 1017
Number of inverter=5000/1017 = 4.9164
ded
No of Modules / inverter =20,000/5=4000
PV
MPPT voltage range=610-875
generator
Maximum of no of modules in series= 875/29=30
power
Minimum of no of modules in parallel=610/29=21 or22
Max input
1400
Possible parallel strings=1400/8.62=162
current
Number of modules per strings=160*25=4000
Max input
voltage

1000

16

SIMULATIONS PARAMETER
CALCULATIONS

17

SIMULATION RESULT PRODUCTION

18

SIMULATION RESULT PERFORMANCE RATIO

19

Simulation result
generation

Figure
Figure
4.5 simulation
4.5 simulation
resultresult
generation
generation
monthly
monthly

20

SIMULATION RESULT LOSSES

21

Simulation Hardware model with protest software

U2
7812
(COM)
1

VI

VO

R1

GND

1K

C2

C1

D3

1uF

LED-YELLOW

1uF

OUTPUT
V=20.9204

+5.00
Volts

L1

D5

390nH
RURG 3060

RDIV1
10k

R2
1K

U1

RB
D2

RA

10k

3
1

Q
DC

LM393

TR

CV

C3

CT

0.01uF

0.022uF

IRFBC40LC

TH

RDIV2
1M

CB
1uf

U3
GND

10k

M1

15K

LED-YELLOW

VCC

VR1

R3
1K

NE555

D1
LED-YELLOW

22

Branch current VS Voltage drop

23

NODE VOLTAGE VS BRANCH CURRENT

24

FUTURE PLANE
Time Duration

Work

July-August

Topic Search

August- September

Literature Survey

October November

From weather data generation analysis

November- December

Equipment analysis

January- February

Hardware model should developed

February -march

Hardware model with simulation software

March-April

Design Grid connected solar photovoltaic

April-may

Design 5 MW grid connected solar

photovoltaic

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

25

CONCLUSION

Solar

energy use generation Environment clean & free of cost. Solar power
generation various equipment connected. Inverter size, module number data require
PVsyst software .
The simulation use PVsyst program includes predefined values of locations of
different parts of the world but you can also enter the geographical coordinates, and
the monthly meteorological information of new locations.

26

REFERENCES
[1] Anjia GU, Yijie Hu, Shu Hu, Tomas Sarmient, Eva Pickett,Dong Liang\ Shuang Li\Angie Lin, Shruti Thombare, Zongfu Yu,
Shanhui Fan, Paul McIntyre, Yi Cui, James Harris PVSC,2010 35 th IEEE,DESIGN AND GROWTH OF III-V NANO WIRE
SOLAR CELL ARRAYS ON LOW COST SUBSTRATES.
[2] Ahmed Elasser, Mohammed Agamy, Juan Sabate, Robert Steigerwald, Rayette Fisher and Maja Harfman-Todorovic IEON
35th Nov, 2010, IEEE, A Comparative Study of Central and Distributed MPPT Architectures for Megawatt Utility and Large
Scale Commercial Photovoltaic Plants.
[3]S.I. Suleiman, T.K. Abdul Rahman and I. Musirin, PECON, December, 2010, IEEE, Design of Grid-connected Photovoltaic
System using Evolutionary Programming.
[4] H. S. Krishnamurthy, S. Essakiappan, P. N. Enjeti,R. S. Balog , S. Ahmed APEC 27 annual, February 2012,IEEE, A New
Multilevel Converter for Megawatt Scale Solar Photovoltaic Utility Integration.
[5]Ali Bidram, Ali Davoudi, Robert S. Balog, JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS, VOL. 2, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2012, IEEE
,Control and Circuit Techniques to Mitigate Partial Shading Effects in Photovoltaic Arrays.
[6]Alessandra Colli and Willem J. Zaaiman JOURNAL OF PHOTOVOLTAICS, VOL. 2, NO. 4, OCTOBER 2012 IEEE.
Maximum-Power-Based PV Performance Validation Method: Application to Single-Axis Tracking and Fixed-Tilt c-Si
Systems in the Italian Alpine Region.
[7] Yannic Domigall, Antonia Albani, Robert Winter Industrial Electronics Society, IECON 2013 - 39th Annual
Conference, Nov2010 of the IEEE. Effects of Demand Charging and Photovoltaic on the Grid.

Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

27

THANK
YOU
Date:17/10/2015

Patel Shivam_140370707501(P.I.E.T)

28