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    Cap4 Mihaela All English

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    harsh
    The document discusses various digital image transforms. It describes unitary orthogonal two-dimensional transforms and their properties including energy conservation, energy compaction, and de-correlation. It then covers several specific transforms in more detail like the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), and Haar transform. It also discusses eigenvectors-based transforms such as the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The document provides examples of basis functions and basis images for different transforms and how filtering can be done in the transform domain.

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    Cap4 Mihaela All English

    Uploaded by

    harsh
    12 views31 pages
    The document discusses various digital image transforms. It describes unitary orthogonal two-dimensional transforms and their properties including energy conservation, energy compaction, and de-correlation. It then covers several specific transforms in more detail like the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), and Haar transform. It also discusses eigenvectors-based transforms such as the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The document provides examples of basis functions and basis images for different transforms and how filtering can be done in the transform domain.

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    The document discusses various digital image transforms. It describes unitary orthogonal two-dimensional transforms and their properties including energy conservation, energy compaction, and de-correlation. It then covers several specific transforms in more detail like the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), and Haar transform. It also discusses eigenvectors-based transforms such as the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The document provides examples of basis functions and basis images for different transforms and how filtering can be done in the transform domain.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    12 views31 pages

    Cap4 Mihaela All English

    Uploaded by

    harsh
    The document discusses various digital image transforms. It describes unitary orthogonal two-dimensional transforms and their properties including energy conservation, energy compaction, and de-correlation. It then covers several specific transforms in more detail like the discrete Fourier transform (DFT), discrete cosine transform (DCT), and Haar transform. It also discusses eigenvectors-based transforms such as the Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT) and singular value decomposition (SVD). The document provides examples of basis functions and basis images for different transforms and how filtering can be done in the transform domain.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 31

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    4. DIGITAL IMAGE TRANSFORMS


    4.1. Introduction
    4.2. Unitary orthogonal two-dimensional transforms
    Separable unitary transforms
    4.3. Properties of the unitary transforms
    Energy conservation
    Energy compaction; the variance of coefficients
    De-correlation
    Basis functions and basis images
    4.4. Sinusoidal transforms
    The 1-D discrete Fourier transform (1-D DFT)
    Properties of the 1-D DFT
    The 2-D discrete Fourier transform (2-D DFT)
    Properties of the 2-D DFT
    The discrete cosine transform (DCT)
    The discrete sine transform (DST)
    The Hartley transform
    4.5. Rectangular transforms
    The Hadamard transform = the Walsh transform
    The Slant transform
    The Haar transform
    4.6. Eigenvectors-based transforms
    The Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT)
    The fast KLT
    The SVD
    4.7. Image filtering in the transform domain
    4.8. Conclusions

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    x2

    x2
    v2

    l2=u(0,1)

    v1=0 v1

    x2
    v2 U

    l1=u(0,0)

    x1
    x1

    x1

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Basis functions and basis images


    KLT

    Haar

    Walsh

    Slant

    DCT

    Basis functions (basis vectors)


    Basis images (e.g.): DCT, Haar, .

    Imagine originala

    V(1,1)

    Imagine originala

    V(1,13)

    V(1,7)

    +
    +

    V(5,8)

    V(3,5)

    V(3,1)

    V(2,9)

    V(1,9)

    V(5,6)

    V(5,2)

    V(5,1)

    +
    V(2,1)

    V(1,15)

    V(1,5)

    V(1,3)

    V(9,9)

    +
    V(16,15)

    +
    Imagine aproximata

    Keeping only 50% of coefficients

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Basis vectors for the


    Walsh-Hadamard transform

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Original image

    Ordered Hadamard

    Non-ordered Hadamard

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing


    Applying the Haar transform at block level (e.g. 22 pixels blocks => Hr[22]):

    Block
    transform:

    Rearrange
    coefficients:

    Applying the Haar transform at block level for a 44 pixels blocks => Hr[44]:

    Block
    transform:

    Rearrange
    coefficients:

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    KLT (PCA)

    Eigenimages examples:
    Facial
    image
    set

    Corresponding
    eigenfaces

    3 eigenimages and the individual variations on those components

    Face aproximation,
    from rough to
    detailed, as more
    coefficients are
    added

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

    DFT

    Original image = (white square, grey background)


    + aditive noise

    DFT = sinc 2-D for the square + cst. (for noise)

    LPF 2-D

    IDFT

    The 2-D spectrum of the image and the filters applied:


    Noisy image; periodic noise as vertical lines In the regions corresponding to the vertical lines frequencies

    Image restoration through filtering

    Digital image processing

    Digital image transforms

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