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TMJ Part 1
TMJ Part 1
ANATOMY
OF TMJ
PART 1
CONTENTS
Introduction
Types of joint
Development of TMJ
Mandibular fossa
Condyle
Articular disc
Histology of articular surfaces
Innervation of TMJ
Vascularization of TMJ
Ligaments
Muscles of mastication
Biomechanics
Conclusion
References
INTRODUCTION
The Temporomandibular joint
is that which connects the
mandible to the skull and
regulates mandibular
movement.
It is a bicondylar joint in
which the condyles, located at
the two ends of the mandible,
function at the same time.
TYPES OF JOINT
A Joint is an articulation
between two bones.
1. Fibrous Joint:
immovable joint
Suture - skull
Gomphosis - teeth
Syndesmosis interosseous
2.Cartilaginous Joint:
limited movement
Primary or synchondroses
Hyaline cartilage at ends of
long bones
Secondary or symphysis
Bone-cartilage-fibrous tissuecartilage-bone; symphysis
menti
Ginglymoid
Pivot
Condyloid
Ball-and-socket
ginglymoarthrodial joint
hence TMJ is a complex diarthrodial slidingginglymoid synovial joint, which attaches the mandible
to petrous part of temporal bone of the cranium.
Artricular disc
interposed between the
condyle of the mandible
and the glenoid fossa of
the temporal bone.
The articular surface
of the temporal bone
has a
posterior concave part
mandibular fossa
Anterior convex part
articular tubercle or
eminence
DEVELOPMENT OF TMJ
The
TMJ
develops
from
mesenchyme
lying between the
developing
mandibular
condyle
below and the bone
above, which develop
intramembranously.
During the 12th week
of IU life ,2 clefts
appear
in
the
mesenchyme
MANDIBULAR FOSSA
Bounderies Anterior
aspect
articular eminence
Posterior
non
articular fossa Is a
part
of
temporal
squama
and
is
formed by tympanic
plate
which
also
forms the anterior
bony wall of external
auditory meatus
CONDYLE
Barrel shape
measuring
20mm
mediolateral
10mm
anteroposterior
Perpendicular to
ascending ramus
of the mandible
Oriented 10 30
degrees with
frontal plane.
Articular surface
of Posterior
aspect >
anterior aspect
ARTICULAR DISC
Biconcave
oval
structure intersposed
between the condyle
and
the
temporal
bone.
Consists
of
dense
collagenous
tissue
that is avascular ,
hyaline and devoid of
nerve tissues in the
central area but has
vessels and nerves in
Divided into 3
regions in the
Saggital plane
Intermediate zone
Posterior
Anterior
Articular surface
situated in the
intermediate zone
posterior
highly
elastic fibres