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Chapter 6-Control Chart For Attributes
Chapter 6-Control Chart For Attributes
Attributes
Bahagian 1
Introduction
p charts
Formula
Fraction nonconforming:
p = (np)/n
where p = proportion or fraction nc in the
sample or subgroup, n = number in the
sample or subgroup, np = number nc in the
sample or subgroup.
Example
The formula:
p (1 p )
UCL p 3
n
p (1 p )
LCL p 3
n
p
n=
number
inspected in a subgroup
n
np
138
p
0.018
n 7500
0.018(1 0.018)
UCL 0.018 3
300
0.041
0.018(1 0.018)
300
0.005 0.0
LCL 0.018 3
Subgroup
Number
Number
Inspected
n
np
300
12
0.040
300
0.010
300
0.030
300
0.013
300
0.0
300
0.020
300
0.020
300
0.003
19
300
16
0.053
25
300
0.007
7500
138
Total
p Chart
0.053
p
UCL
0.04
0.03
0.02
p-bar
0.01
LCL
5
10
15
20
Subgroup
25
pnew
np np
n n
pnew
138 16
0.017
7500 300
po (1 po )
UCL po 3
n
0.017(1 0.017)
UCL 0.017 3
300
0.039
po (1 po )
LCL po 3
n
LCL 0.017 3
0.017(1 0.017)
300
0.005 0.0
np Chart
LCL
npo it3must
npbe
po ) by
If po
is unknown,
determined
o (1
collecting data, calculating UCL, LCL.
Example
c Chart
UCL c 3 c
LCL c 3 c
c
c
g
Example c
c 141
UCL 5.64 3 5.64 12.76
5.64
g
25
c-Chart
25
20
Count of Nonconformities
c
UCL
c-bar
15
LCL
10
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Revised
c c d 141 20 14 14
c new
4.23
g gd
25 3
u Chart
c
u
n
u
n
u
UCL u 3
n
u
LCL u 3
n
Example
c 3389
1.20
n 2823
1.20
0.89
110
Nonconformity Classification
Critical nonconformities
Major nonconformities
Minor nonconformities
Advantages of attribute
control charts
Advantages of variable
control charts