Lipid

Lipid Bloor :
1.Lipid Sederhana, : Trigliserida dan
lilin
2.Lipid gabungan : fosfolipid,
serebrosida.
3.Derivat Lipid : contohnya asam
lemak, gliserol, dan sterol .

Asam lemak = Fatty Acid(FA)

Struktur trigliserida

Penggolongan
Saturated & Unsaturated (mono
atau poli)
short-chain fatty acids (SCFA),
medium-chain fatty acids(MCFA), and
long-chain fatty acids (LCFA).
Dalam darah : external dan internal

Conversion efficiency of ALA to EPA and DHA

"DHA, an omega-3 fatty acid,

supports the normal development of
the brain, eyes and nerves.
Eicosapentaenoic acid EPA

Gliserol 3 atom C
Gliserol + FA mono atau di atau
tri
Alfa atau omega
Apa omega 3 Atau 6 atau 9 ?

 The actions of the -3 (Omega-3) and -6 (Omega-6) essential fatty acids (EFAs) are best
characterized by their interactions; they cannot be understood separately.
Arachidonic acid (AA) is a 20-carbon -6 conditionally essential fatty acid. [1] It sits at the head of the
"arachidonic acid cascade" more than twenty different signalling paths that control a wide array
of bodily functions, but especially those functions involving inflammation and the
central nervous system.[2] Most AA in the human body derives from dietary linoleic acid (another
essential fatty acid, 18:2 -6), which comes both from vegetable oils and animal fats.
In the inflammatory response, two other groups of dietary essential fatty acids form cascades that
parallel and compete with the arachidonic acid cascade. EPA (20:5 -3) provides the most important
competing cascade. It is ingested from oily fish or derived from dietary alpha-linolenic acid found in,
for instance, hemp oil and flax oil. DGLA (20:3 -6) provides a third, less prominent cascade. It
derives from dietary GLA (18:3 -6) found in, e.g. borage oil. These two parallel cascades soften the
inflammatory effects of AA and its products. Low dietary intake of these less inflammatory essential
fatty acids, especially the -3s, is associated with a variety of inflammation-related diseases.
Today, the usual diet in industrial countries contains much less -3 fatty acids than the diet of a
century ago. The diet from a century ago had much less -3 than the diet of early hunter-gatherers ,.
[3] We can also look at the ratio of -3 to -6 in comparisons of their diets. These changes have been
accompanied by increased rates of many diseases the so-called diseases of civilization that
involve inflammatory processes. There is now very strong evidence [4] that several of these diseases
are ameliorated by increasing dietary -3, and good evidence for many others. There is also more
preliminary evidence showing that dietary -3 can ease symptoms in several psychiatric disorders. [5]