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Geological Hazards: What Are Geological Hazards? Are You Prepared If They Happen?
Geological Hazards: What Are Geological Hazards? Are You Prepared If They Happen?
On
October
15,
2013,
a
devastating earthquake happened in
the province of Bohol. Its recorded
magnitude was 7.2. The ground
shaking and displacement caused
major
damage
of
several
government buildings, schools, and
houses. At least 93 people had been
reported dead after the earthquake.
Earthquake Hazards
Ground shakingrefers to the vibration of
the land surface during an earthquake.It
may cause partial or total collapse of
buildings and structures.
Ground
displacementorsurface
ruptureis the horizontal or vertical
displacement of the ground surface along
the fault zone.
Liquefactionis the transformation of solid
rocks and soil to a liquidlike state during
ground shaking.
Tsunamiis a set of long, high ocean
waves caused by an earthquake or other
Volcanic Eruption
Hazards
Volcanic eruptionhappens when
materials such as magma, ash, and gas
are released from a volcano due to a
buildup of pressure inside.
Laharis a mixture of volcanic debris and
water that flows at the slopes of the
volcano.
Pyroclastic fallis a mass of hot,
drypyroclastic material(mixture of ash
and dust) and hot gases.
Alandslide,
also
calledlandslip,
occurs when earth materials (rocks,
debris, and soil) move downwards
along a slope.
Mud flowis the flow of mud and
rock.
Earthflowis the downward flow of
fine-grained materials, such as clay,
fine sand, and silt.
Rock fallis the sliding, toppling, or
falling of rocks along a slope.