PUMP

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Pump

is a

device used to move fluid from one to

another place, through

pipes by adding energy to moved and

continously fluid.

Pump operated with this principle:

create a different pressure between the suction and the press
section (discharge)
The different pressure resulting from a mechanism suppose
impeller wheel spin which made suction side almost vacuum
condition. The different pressure suck the liquid, so the liquid can
move from one to another reservoir.

Main Functions
Transfer the liquid from one to another place
(example: an subversive aquifer water into a water storage
tank)
Circulate liquid around system
(example: cooling water or lubricant through machines and
equipment)

Pump
Classification

Based on
How Its
Work

Positive
Displacement
Pump
Dynamic
Pump
Special Effect
Pump

Positive Displacement Pump

Positive displacement pump known by its
operation. Fluids taken from one end and at the
other end distributed positively for each
revolution.
Positive displacement pump used widely, not only
for water, but also for viscous fluids.
There are:
- Rotary pump
- Reciprocating pump

Rotary Pump
Rotary pump is a positive
displacement pump which is
mechanical
energy
was
transmitted
from
mover
machine to fluid by using a
rotating element (rotor) in the
pump housing (casing). When
the rotor rotates in pump
housing, will be formed a
large volume pockets (on the
suction side) then the volume
is reduced (on the press
side), so the fluid will be
pressed out.

External Gear Pump

Screw Pump

Internal Gear Pump

Lobe Pump

Vane Pump

Reciprocating Pump
Reciprocating pump is a pump
which is mechanical energy from
the pump mover was converted
into flow energy of liquid pumped
by
using
elements
that
commuting in the cylinder.
Reciprocating pumps widely used
in:
1. The process requires a high
head
2. Low fluid capacity
3. Thick liquid (viscous liquid and
slury)
4. Volatile liquid

Torak/Piston
Pump

Plunger Pump

Diafragma Pump

Dynamic Pump
Dynamic pumps also characterized by how the
pump is operating. A rotating impeller converts
kinetic energy into pressure or required velocity to
pump the fluid.

Centrifugal Pump
In a centrifugal pump, the driving
energy from outside is given to axis
then used to stir the propeller called
impeller.
Impeller rotate the liquid into the
pump, resulting the pressure energy
and kinetic energy of fluid increases.
The liquid will be thrown out due to
centrifugal force caused by the
movement of impeller.
The come out liquid from impeller
accommodated by volut shaped
channel (spiral) on around the
impeller and distributed to the
outside pump through diffuser.
Inside the diffuser is part of the
velocity energy will be converted into

Special-Effect Pump
Dynamic Pump also characterized by how the pump
is operating. A rotating impeller converts kinetic
energy into pressure or required velocity to pump the
fluid.
There are:
- Jet pump
- Viscous pump
- Chopper pump
- Slury pump

Jet Pump

Viscous Pump

Chopper Pump

Slurry Pump

Used to pump very deep

fluid. The pump equipped
with a venture to increase
the
vacuum
on
the
suction side pump so fluid
at considerable depth can
still sucked into the
suction side pump and
then pumped through the
discharge side pump.

Used to pump diffused

liquid fluid with gases or
air or also used for
pumping liquids which
solids contained. In these
pumps, impeller made
with a disk shape, so they
can eliminate the air
bubbles.

Used for household waste

treatment plant. In this
type of pump, impeller
equipped with blades, to
destroy the particles or
rubbish household waste.

Used to pump liquid fluid

that mixes with mud or
other
corrosive
substances. To overcome
this, in this type of pump
is equipped with an
impeller which is coated
with rubber.

Based on
Work Capacity
CLASSIFICATION

CAPACITY

Low

20 m/hr

Mid

20 m/hr- 60 m/hr

High

>60 m/hr

Based on
Head
CLASSIFICATION

HEAD

Low

1m - 40 m

Mid

41m - 100 m

High

>100 m

Based on
Usage
Pump for household
Pump for industrial and company

Pump Parts
For example:

Centrifugal Pump

Stuffing Box
Stuffing Box is used to
prevent
leakage in the area where
pump
shaft
penetrating
casing

Packing
Is used to prevent and reduce
the leaking pipes from casing
pipe through
the shaft.
Usually made of asbestos or
Teflon.

Shaft
It is used to continue the
torque from activator during
operation
and
place
of
impeller and another rotating
parts.

Shaft Sleeve
It is used to protect shaft and
erosion, corrosion, and wear
on stuffing box. The multistage pump can be leakage
joint, internal bearing, and
interstage or distance sleeve

Vane
The blade of impeller is used
as flow of liquid on impeller

Casing
It is the outer part of pump to
protect rotating element,
place of diffusor (guide vane),
inlet and outlet nozzle, also
place to give flow direction
from impeller and convert
fluid velocity energy into
dynamic energy (single
stage).

Eye of Impeller
The side entrance in the
direction of impeller suction

Impeller
It is used to change the
mechanic energy from pump
into fluid velocity energy,
that is pumped continuously
will fill the vacuum as result
of fluid shift before

Casing Wear
Ring
It is used to minimize fluid
leaks that passing through
the front part of impeller and
back of impeller, by
minimizing slit between
casing and impeller

Bearing
Bearing is used to rest and
load bearing from shaft to
rotate, whether radial load or
axial load.
Bearing also allows the shaft
to spin smoothly and remain
in its place, so that frictional
losses is small

Discharge
Nozzel
It is used to connect pump
and outlet pipe

PUMP
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