Footing

Example # 1
Design a combined footing, to support two columns A and B spaced
at distance 6.0 m center-to-center as shown in Figure Column A is
0.4mx0.4m and carries a dead load of 500kNs and a live load of
300kNs Column B is also 0.4mx0.4m in cross section but carries a
dead load of 750 kNs and a live load of 450 kNs.
Use fc= 25 MPa , fy = 420 MPa, and qall net = 150 kpa
A

B
0.4

Property
limit

0.4

0.4

0.4

PD=500kN

PD=750kN

PL=300kN

PL=450kN

m??
m6

m??

Footing
Solution
1- Establish the required base area of the footing

PA PB 500 300 750 450

13.33 m 2
q all(net)
150
To locate the resultant of the column forces
Ag

Ps=2000kN

A
Ps=800kN

B
Ps=1200kN

X=3.8 m
m 0.2

m6

M@start =0.0 800(0.2)+1200 (6,2) =2000 (x) x= 3.8 m

Ps=2000kN

A
Ps=800kN

B
Ps=1200kN

X=3.8 m

X=3.8 m

Footing
Solution
Length of footing L=2 (3.80) = 7.60m
Width of footing B =13.33/7.6 =1.754 m , taken as 1.80 m.
2- Evaluate the net factored soil pressure

PA, u 1.2 500 1.6(300) 1080 kN

PB, u 1.2 750 1.6(450) 1620 kN
qu

PA,u PB,u
A

1080 1620
197.4 kPa
7.6 1.8

3- Select a trial footing depth

Assume that the footing is 0.8 m thick

Effective depth d = 800 75 10 = 715 mm

Footing
Solution
4- Check footing thickness for punching shear
B

1115

1115

m 1.8

1115

758

Column A

m 7.6

The factored shear force Vu =1080197.4(1.115)(0.758) =914 kN

b =2(400+715/2)+400+715=2630 mm

VC is the smallest of

1
3

12

f c ' bo d 0.75

1
2630 715
25
2350 kN control
3
1000

s d
1
30 715 2630 715

bo d 0.75
f c' 2
25 2
5968 kN

b
12
2630
1000

Vc = 2350 kN > Vu= 914

OK

Footing
Solution
4- Check footing thickness for punching shear [contd.]
B

1115

1115

m 1.8

1115

758

Column B

m 7.6

The factored shear force Vu =1620197.4(1.115)2 =1375 kN

b =4(400+715)=4460 mm

VC is the smallest of

1
3

12

f c ' bo d 0.75

1
4460 715
25
3986 kN control
3
1000

s d
1
40 715 4460 715

bo d 0.75
f c' 2
25 2
8383 kN

b
12
4460
1000

Vc = 3986 kN > Vu= 1375

OK

Footing
Solution
5- Draw S.F.D and B.M.D for footing
kN 1620

1080kN

=x1.8 197.37
kN/m 355.26
m 2.84

0.915

71

1009

1122.6

798

497.4
1425.7

7.10
348

Footing
Solution

6- Compute the areas of flexural reinforcement

a) Top longitudinal reinforcement

2 10 6 * 1425.7
1- 1 0.00428
2
0.9 0.85 25 * 715 * 1800

0.00428 1800 715 5508 mm 2 ,Use 18 20mm

0.85 25

420
As,req

Footing
Solution
b) Bottom longitudinal reinforcement

2 10 6 * 348
1- 1 0.00101 min
2
0.9 0.85 25 * 715 * 1800

0.0018 1800 800 2592 mm 2 ,Use 1316

0.85 25

420
As,req As,min

Footing
c) Short Direction :
Under Column A

m 1.8

0.7

1080
1.8

m 7.6

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

400+715
1115

400+375.5
757.5

1080
0.76 1.8 0.4
M A,u

(1.8 * 0.76)
2
2

b 757.5 mm, d 715 mm

147 kN.m

25
2 106 *147
0.85 *
1- 1 min
2
420
0.9 0.85 25 * 715 * 757.5
A s,min 0.0018 800 757.5 1080 mm 2 . Use616

Footing
Solution
Under Column B

m 1.8

0.7

1080
1.8

m 7.6

0.4

0.4

0.4

0.4

400+375.5
757.5
2

1620
1.1 1.8 0.4

(1.8 *1.1) 2
2

b 1115 mm, d 715mm

M B,u

220.5 kN.m

25
2 106 * 220.5
0.85 *
1- 1 min
2
420
0.9 0.85 25 * 715 *1115
A s,min 0.0018 800 1115 1584mm 2 . Use 816

400+715
1115

Footing
Solution
Shrinkage Reinforcement in the short direction

As,min 0.0018 800 1000 1440mm 2 . Use 14@100mm

Footing
Solution
0.4m

m 5.6

0.4m

m 1.2

14@100

14@100

m 0.80

1820

1316
616

14@100

0.75m

14@100

816
m 1.10

1316 B
m 7.60

m 1.80

14@100

816 B

14@100

616 B

1820 T