PRESENTATION 2

Percents

PERCENTS

Indicates number of hundredths in a

whole

A decimal fraction can be expressed as a

percent by moving the decimal point two

places to the right and inserting the
percent symbol

ESTIMATING

Example: Express 0.0152 as a percent:

Move decimal point two places to right
0.0152 = 1.52

Insert percent symbol

0.0152 = 1.52%

FRACTIONS TO PERCENTS
To express a common fraction as a percent:

First, express the fraction as a decimal by dividing the

numerator by the denominator

Convert the answer to a percent by moving the decimal

point two places to the right

FRACTIONS TO PERCENTS

Example: Express

7
as a percent:
First convert the fraction to8
a decimal by dividing

Then change the decimal to a percent

0.875 = 87.5%

0.875
8 7.000
64
60
56
40
40

PERCENTS TO FRACTIONS

To express percent as decimal fraction:

Drop the percent symbol

Move decimal point two places to the left

PERCENTS TO FRACTIONS
Example: Express

as a decimal and round the

answer to 4 decimal places

Convert the fraction to 0.76

Drop the percent symbol and move the decimal point 2 places
to the left:

38.76% = 0.3876

PERCENTS TO FRACTIONS

To express a percent as a common

fraction:

First convert percent to a decimal fraction

Then express the decimal fraction as a
common fraction

PERCENTS TO FRACTIONS

Example: Express 37.5% as a

common fraction

Express 37.5% as a decimal

37.5% 0.375

Express 0.375 as a common fraction

PERCENT TERMS DEFINED

All simple percent problems have three parts:

Rate is the percent (%)
Base represents whole or quantity equal to 100%
Word of generally relates to the base
Percentage is part or quantity of percent of the base
Word is generally relates to the percentage

PERCENT TERMS DEFINED

Example:

Identify base, rate, and

percentage
What percent of 48 is 12?

Problem is asking for rate (percent)

The number 48 represents whole and is
identified by word of, so it is the base

The number 12 represents part and is

identified by word is, so it is the
percentage

FINDING THE PERCENTAGE

Proportion formula for all three types of

percentage problems:

Where:

P
R

B 100

B is the base
P is the percentage or part of the base
R is the rate or percent

FINDING THE PERCENTAGE

Example: What is 15% of 60?

The base, B, is 60: the number of which the

rate is takenthe whole or a quantity equal

to 100%

The problem is asking for the percentage

(part): the quantity of the percent of the base

FINDING THE PERCENTAGE

is:
The proportion
P
15
60

100

and division:
Use cross-products
100P 15 60
100P 900
900
P
100

FINDING THE RATE

Example: What percent of 12.87 is 9.62 rounded to

1 decimal place?

The base, B, or whole quantity equal to 100% is 12.87

The percentage, P, or quantity of the percent of the
base is 9.620

The rate, R, is to be found

FINDING THE RATE

The proportion is:

Cross multiply:
Divide:

9.620 R

12.87 100
9.620 100 12.87R
962 12.87R

FINDING THE BASE

Example: 816 is 68% of what number?

The rate, R, is 68%
The percentage, P, is 816
The base, B, is to be found
The proportion is:
816
68
Solve for B:

B
100

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS

A 22-liter capacity radiator requires 6.5

liters of antifreeze to give protection to
-17C.
What percent of the coolant is
antifreeze? Round the answer to the
nearest whole percent.

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS

In this problem:

The percentage (P) or the part is 6.5

liters
The base (B) is 22 liters
The rate (R) or percent is unknown
Set up the formula and solve

PRACTICAL PROBLEMS
Solve:

The antifreeze is 30% of the coolant