Review Patho-Lab

Exam 2
 DISEASES WITH A GENETIC
BACKGROUND
 NEUROFIBROMA
NEUROFIBROMA
- -proliferation
proliferationofofall
allelements
elementsofof
peripheral
peripheralnerve
nerve
- -elongated
elongatedand
andserpentine
serpentine
schwann
schwann cells in amixoid
cells in a mixoidstroma
stroma
Fibroblast pink back - -fibroblast
fibroblastand
andcollagen
collagen
ground

Fat cells
TESTICULAR ATROPHY
- seminiferous tubules transformed into a
hyaline scar
XANTHOMA
-accumulation of foamy histiocytes, giant cells & Cholesterol needles
-Multinucleated cells
-Hypercholesterolemia (familial autosomal dominant)
RETINOBLASTOMA
- proliferation of small, dark-blue, round
cells with scant (few) cytoplasm and
hyperchromatic nuclei.
- some cells are organized around a
central lumen forming rosettes
- there is a large amount of mitosis and
areas of necrosis
RETINOBLASTOMA
Glycogenosis
- Large cell cytoplam PAS+
 DISEASES WITH AN IMMUNOLOGIC
BACKGROUND
SIALOADENITIS
- inflammatory infiltration of lymphocytes
around salivary ducts
salivary ducts are hyalinized and destroyed
-associated with Sjogern syndrome
-Dry mouth(xerotomia) and dry eyes
SYSTEMIC LUPUS
ERYTHEMATOUS
- liquefactive
degeneration of the
epidermal basal layer
- edema at the dermal
junction
- dermal perivascular
mononuclear cell
infiltration
SYSTEMIC LUPUS
ERYTHEMATOUS
- liquefactive
degeneration of the
epidermal basal layer
- edema at the
dermal junction
Scleroderma

SCLERODERMA
SCLERODERMA
- -loss
lossofofthe
therete
rete
pegs
pegsand
anddermal
dermal
appendages
appendages
- -perivascular
perivascular
inflammatory
inflammatory
infiltrate
infiltrate
- -swelling
swellingand
and
degeneration
degenerationofof
the
thecollagen
collagenfibers
fibers
which are thick
which are thick
and
andlarge
large
AMYLOIDOSIS
- accumulation of amyloid material
- pink amorphous material within the
glomeruli and tubules
 BENIGN MESENCHYMAL TUMORS
HAMARTOMA
- accumulation of amyloid material
- pink amorphous material within the
glomeruli and tubules
CHORISTOMA
-NORMAL CELL
-abnormal place
LIPOMA
- proliferation of mature adipocytes
surrounded by a fibroconnective capsule
LEIOMYOMA
- proliferation of mature smooth muscle
cells with cigar like nuclei
- cells are organized in different directions
giving the appearance of stormy pattern
RHABDOMYOMA
- proliferation of large round or
polyhedral cells with centrally or
peripherally located nuclei,
eosinophilic cytoplasm with
glycogen vacuoles - there is
also spider cells
spider cells
HIBERNOMA
- proliferation of large polyhedral
cells with small fatty vacuoles in
the cytoplasm
- centrally located nuclei with
prominent nucleoli; some cells
resemble adipocytes
HIBERNOMA
OSTECHONDROMA
proliferation of mature
hyaline cartilage, mixed
with proliferated bone
spicules
-
OSTEOMA
- proliferation of mature bone with
HAVERSIAN system
GIANT CELL TUMOR OF TENDINOUS
SHEATH
- proliferation of spindle-shaped stromal
cells, mixed with histiocytes and giant
multinucleated cells
GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE
- proliferation of spindle shaped stromal
cells, giant multinucleated cells between
bone SPICULES
FIBROMA
- proliferation of spindle-shaped fibroblast
closely packed within collagen fibers
- there is a stormy pattern
Mesenchimoma
 BENIGN EPITHELIAL TUMORS
INTRADERMAL CYST
- the wall of the cyst is lined by
squamous stratified epithelium
- the lumen is filled by a pink
laminar material like keratin
INTRADERMAL CYST
CYSTADENOMA
fibroconnective tissue wall line by columnar
epithelium
-Mass with cavity lined by secretory cells
and proliferation of ducts
FIBROADENOMA
- proliferation of ductal
spaces lined by epithelium
and fibrous stroma
surrounded by a
fibroconnective capsule
INTRADERMAL NEVUS
- Proliferation of melanocytes, small cells with round dark nuclei and
scant cytoplasm, which grows in a diffuse manner at the level of the
dermis
WART
perinuclear clear increased keratin layer (HYPERKERATOSIS)
vacuoles in the
cytoplasm

hyperplasia of the
granulosa cell layer
(HYPERGRANULOSIS)

epidermal hyperplasia (ACANTHOSIS)

undulant projection of
the epidermis into the
dermis
(PAPILLOMATOSIS)
MENINGIOMA
Proliferation of cells forming whorled clusters of cells, some of them with laminated
central calcification or Psamoma’s bodies (Psamomatous pattern)
-proliferation of cells which growth as a scyncytium without visible cells membrane

Calcification
center
MENINGIOMA
- proliferation of whrled cluster of
cells without visible cell membrane
- laminated calcifications or
Psamoma’s bodies (calcification of
centers)
POLYPS
- proliferation of glands
and abundant capillaries
KERATOACANTHOMA
- keratin-filled crater surrounded by
epithelial cells which extends:
1. Upward in a lip-like formation
2. Downward into the dermis as irregular
tongues
- the epithelium is composed of enlarged
cells with a glassy cytoplasm that form
islands of keratin
CILINDROMA
- islands of basaloid cells with
deposition of a basement
membrane material
CILINDROMA
- islands of basaloid cells
with deposition of a
basement membrane
material
AMELOBLASTOMA
AMELOBLASTOMA
- -nest
nestororcords
cordsofof
stratified
stratifiedsquamous
squamousor or
columnar epithelium
columnar epithelium
embedded
embeddedininaaloose
loose
fibrous
fibrousstroma
stroma
- -some
someareas
areasshow
show
papillary
papillaryprojections
projections