LOAD MODELLING

K.SANTHI SRI
M.TECH(PSA)
Regd:315206627009

Abstract:
In recent years, the interest in load modelling
has been continuously increasing, and power system
load has become a new area for researching into power
systems stability. Here ,different kinds of loads and the
basic concepts for static, dynamic and combined models
are introduced .

Why Load Modelling??

Stable

operation of power system depends on the abilty

to match the electrical output of generating units to the

electrical load.
Even

though power system load has gained more

attention it is still considered as one of the most

uncertain and difficult components to model due to
large number of diverse load components.

Power system Configuration:

Data for load modelling:

The

measurement-based approach involves direct

measurements at representative substations and feeders

to determine the voltage and frequency sensitivity of the
active P and reactive Q load.
The

component-based approach involves developing a

composite load model from information on its

constituent parts, i.e., mix of classes at the substation.

Types Of Loads:
The System Load is mix os folllowing classes:
a) Residential
b) Commercial
c) Industrial
d) Agricultural
e) Powerplant(auxialry motors)

Standard Load Models:

The main classification in load models is:

-Static load model

-Dynamic load model

Composite static and dynamic model:

Static load model:

ZIP or

polynomial model:

where Po, Qo are Initial values of activepower and

reactive power at initial value of
voltage Va.

Exponential model:

where
C1 is the frequency dependent fraction of active power
load
mp1,mp2 are voltage exponents
f is the per unit frequency deviation (from nominal)
kp is the frequency sensitivity coefficient for the active
power load.

Dynamic Load Representation:

Induction Motor Model:

Dynamic Equations:

General Load Model:

References :
Power systems Dynamics and Control by K R Padiyar
Power Systems stability And Control by P Kundur