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Chapter 30 Physics
Chapter 30 Physics
What is Physics?
Can a magnetic field produce an electric
field that can drive a current?
MAGNETIC FLUX
This unit is called a weber (Wb), after the German physicist Wilhelm
Weber: 1 Wb = 1 T m2
Example.Magnetic Flux
A rectangular coil of wire is situated in a constant
magnetic field whose magnitude is 0.50 T. The coil has
an area of 2.0 m2. Determine the magnetic flux for
the three orientations, =0, 60.0, and 90.0, shown
in Figure.
Sample
The long solenoid S shown (in cross section) in Fig. 30-3 has 220
turns/cm and carries a current i=1.5 A ; its diameter D is 3.2
cm. At its center we place a 130-turn closely packed coil C of
diameter d=2.1 cm. The current in the solenoid is reduced to
zero at a steady rate in 25 ms. What is the magnitude of the
emf that is induced in coil C while the current in the solenoid
is changing?
Lenz's Law
An induced current has a direction such that
the magnetic field due to the current opposes
the change in the magnetic flux that induces
the current.
Sample Problem
Figure 30-8 shows a conducting loop consisting of a halfcircle of radius r=0.20m and three straight sections.
The half-circle lies in a uniform magnetic field that is
directed out of the page; the field magnitude is given
by B=4.0t2+2.0t+3.0, with B in teslas and t in seconds.
An ideal battery with emf bet=2.0V is connected to
the loop. The resistance of the loop is 2.0.
(a) What are the magnitude and direction of the emf
induced around the loop by B field at t=10 s?
b) What is the current in the loop at t=10 s?
Example
An electromagnet generates a magnetic field which
"cuts" through a coil as shown. What is the polarity of
the emf generated in the coil if the applied field, B
(a) points to the right and is increasing? (b) points to
the right and is decreasing? (c) is pointing to the left
and increasing? (d) is pointing to the left and
decreasing?
An AC Generator
r
r r
F1 iL B
Checkpoint
The figure shows four wire loops, with edge lengths of
either L or 2L. All four loops will move through a region
of uniform magnetic field B (directed out of the page)
at the same constant velocity. Rank the four loops
according to the maximum magnitude of the emf induced
as they move through the field, greatest first.
If there is a current in the copper ring, an electric field must be present along
the ring because an electric field is needed to do the work of moving the
conduction electrons. It is called as induced electric field .
As long as the magnetic field is increasing with time, the electric field
represented by the circular field lines in Fig. c will be present. If the magnetic
field remains constant with time, there will be no induced electric field and thus
no electric field lines.
Faraday's law
Unit is:
Inductance of a solenoid:
Self-Induction
Checkpoint
The figure shows an emf
induced in a coil. Which
of the following can describe the current through the
coil: (a) constant and rightward, (b) constant and
leftward, (c) increasing and rightward, (d) decreasing
and right-ward, (e) increasing and leftward, (f)
decreasing and leftward?
L 0 n 2lA
Sample Problem
Mutual Induction
The mutual inductance M21 of coil 2 with respect to coil 1 as
Is a magnetic flux through coil
2 associated with the current in
coil 1
d21
dt
Sample Problem
Figure 30-26 shows two circular close-packed coils, the
smaller (radius R2, with N2 turns) being coaxial with the
larger (radius R1 with N1 turns) and in the same plane.
Derive an expression for the mutual inductance M for this
arrangement of these two coils, assuming that R1 >>R2.