Todays Plan: 12/14/16

Bellwork: Vocab quiz (20 mins)

Plant lab (the rest of class with notes in
between activities)

Todays Plan: 12/16/16

Plant Lab and Chart!
1st period-turn in plant lab today!
2nd & 4th-Well finish the lab Monday!

1st-Todays Plan: 12/19/16

Bellwork: Test Q&A and turn in chart (15
mins)
Unit 9 Test (as needed)
When you finish, do the ecology hierarchy
activity (the rest of class)

2nd&4th-Todays Plan: 12/19/16

Stations 1&2 for plant lab and work on
chart

Seed questions
Using the pictures youre given, answer the
following:
Which seeds are adapted for wind dispersal?
Explain
Which seeds are adapted for dispersal by animals?
Explain.
Describe 2 different ways that animals disperse
seeds.
Why are seeds more advantageous than spores?

Todays Plan: 5/11/16

Bellwork: Read Carniverous plants article and
answer questions (20 mins)
Carnivorous plants
Why do plants become carnivorous?
Why are so many carnivorous plants endangered?
How has NC tried to save endangered carnivorous plants?

Continue with plant activities and plant/animal

chart (40 mins)
Plant notes (the rest of class)

Todays Plan: 5/12/16

Bellwork: Read Healing Plants article, answer
the questions and do the following: (20 mins)
Define Ethnobotanist. How does this term
relate to the article that you read?

Finish plant notes (20 mins)

Partner quiz (as needed)
Finish plant stations (the rest of class)

Todays Plan: 5/4/15

Bellwork: Read the carnivorous plants article
and answer the following:
Why do plants become carnivorous?
Why are so many carnivorous plants endangered?
How has NC tried to save endangered carnivorous
plants?

Plant lab (45 mins)

Finish plant notes, begin animals (the rest of
class)

Fungus/Plant Self quiz

Write P if the statement is about a plant, F if its

about a Fungus or B if its about both

Is a producer
Contains chlorophyll
Can reproduce using spores
Multicellular
Immobile
Includes yeast
Includes Angiosperms
Decomposers
Extracellular Digestion
Has membrane-bound organelles (eukaryotic)

Phylogenetic Progression: Bryophytes, Ferns and

Fern Allies, Gymnosperms, Angiosperms

Phylum Bryophyta contains the worts and mosses. Due to the

fact that these plants have no vascular tissue, they are small
and must live in very moist environments.
.What does their small size and the fact that they live in
moist environments have to do with the lack of vascular
tissue?
.What is vascular tissue?
Vascular tissue carries water and nutrients to the
various parts of plants. Because Bryophytes lack this
tissue, all of their parts must be close to the water
and nutrient sources on the ground. If they were to
get too big, they would not be able to get water and
nutrients to the tallest parts of the plant.

Bryophytes continued
.Worts have become popular for medicinal uses.
What have you heard about worts in the news?
St. Johns wort has become a popular
suppliment for emotional stability. It is an overthe-counter medicinal for treating depression,
bipolar disorder, and some anxiety disorders.
The other worts got their names based on what
body parts they improved. Ex: liver wort
promotes healthy liver function, bladder wort
promotes a healthy urinary tract, etc.

Bryophytes Continued
Can you identify the gametophyte portion of the moss?
Where is it?
The gametophyte is the main body of the moss
.What is the purpose of the sporophyte? To produce
and spread the spores
Bryophytes reproduce sexually.
.How does the sperm from the antheridium reach the
archegonium?
The sperm swims from the antheridium (male part) to
the archegonium (female part) through water. This is
another reason why mosses cant get large, if they
did, the sperm could never reach the archegonium.

The Ferns and Fern Allies are the first plants

to have vascular tissue.

.What can you infer about their size, given this fact?

Since they can carry nutrients and water, they can

carry it to the tall parts of the plant. They are
therefore able to get larger than Bryophytes.
These plants reproduce sexually with spores instead of
seeds. Examine the underside of the fern on the
microscope.
.What part of the plant do you see?
.What is inside each of the sacs under the Fronds?
Under the fertile frond of a fern (spore-producing),
sacks for holding spores, called sori are present.

Gymnosperms
A Gymnosperm is a naked-seed plant. It is called this
because its seed is not protected by a fruit. These are the
first plants to produce seeds of any kind. Seeds,
however, require a lot of energy to be produced.
.Of what advantage are seeds to plants?
Seeds are lightweight and easily dispersed. A seed
is a plant embryo, but also contains endosperm, a
food supply which can support the embryo as it
grows. It is an adaptation which ensures the baby
plants survival until its leaves develop and it can
produce its own food.

Gymnosperms Continued

.Describe how Gymnosperms reproduce.

Pollen is released from the male part of the plant and is
carried by air to the female part of the plant, where it
enters the ovary and fertilizes the ovule. This develops
into the seed. In angiosperms, the seed is surrounded
by the developed ovary, which becomes the fruit.
.How does this represent an advantage over the Bryophytes
and Seedless Vascular Plants?
Seeds can disperse farther and can be carried in a
number of different ways (wind, water, animals carrying
them in their digestive tracts, animals carrying them on
their fur or feathers)
What is contained inside of these pollen grains? Pollen contains
plant sperm cells.

Angiosperms

The most diverse and complex groups of plants are

the Angiosperms, or fruit-producing, flowering
plants. All fruit is the mature, fertilized ovary of
the plant with the baby plant encased in the seed.
The female parts-stigma, pistil, and ovary
catch pollen, transport it to the mature ovule,
and house the fertilized ovule. The ovary
becomes the fruit, which protects the seed.
The fruit requires even more energy to be
produced than the naked seeds.

Angiosperms Continued

.Of what advantage are fruits to plants?

Fruits contain more endosperm than naked

seeds do, ensuring a longer supply of food
to support the seed. Fruits are also
attractive to animals, which can then carry
the fruit to other places in their digestive
tracts.
What adaptations do plants use to ensure seed
dispersal? Attractive fruits, wings that can
catch air and carry the seeds far away, etc.

Plant Parts
Stems offer support and structure for the plant.
They contain the vascular tissue.
Leaves are broad and flat so that they can
catch the maximum amount of sunlight and
disperse the maximum amount of excess water.
This is were most photosynthesis takes place
Roots absorb nutrients and water from the soil.
Their tiny root hairs increase the surface area
available for absorption.

Plant Parts (continued)

Vascular tissue is found throughout the plant. Phloem tissue

carries sugars from the leaves of the plant to the rest of the
plant, while xylem tissue carries water and minerals from the
roots to the rest of the plant.
Flowers are the reproductive parts of the plants. They produce
nectar, which entices insects, birds, and some mammals toward
the reproductive structures of the plant. A bee can rub the male
part and catch pollen, then move to a female flower and rub
against the female parts, spreading pollen, while getting nectar.
They also have UV markings on their petals which act as
landing strips for insects. The female parts are often placed
high in order to catch the maximum amount of pollen.

Plant Hormones
Auxins-cause cells to grow, stop
sprouting/spreading and hold fruit to the
plant until ripe
Gibberellins-cause germination and growth
of seedlings, increase fruit size, and can
promote flowering
Ethylene-Ripens fruit
Abscisic Acid (ABA)-promotes dormancy,
blocks growth, stops effectiveness of other
hormones

Plant Tropisms
Phototropisms-growth toward light
Because of Auxin-hormones that collect on the dark
side of the plant to elongate dark-side cells
Thigmotropism-growth in response to touch
Gravitropism-growth of stems upward, roots downward

Because of amyloplasts-cells with starch

grains that collect to tell the plant which
way is up (like the otoliths in your ears)
Chemotropism-growth of pollen tube
Nastic Movements-movements in response to stimuli
Thigomonastic: touch
Nyctinastic: daily light cycles