SOCIETY AND

SOCIAL
STRUCTURE

SOCIETY
is a population that occupies the same

territory;

consists of the beliefs, behaviors, objects, and other

characteristics common to the members of a

particular group or society.

it is subject to the same political authority;

participates in common culture
August Comte the father of sociology saw society

as a social organism possessing a harmony of

structure and function.

SOCIAL STRUCTURE
the pattern of relationships among the basic
components in a social system

the

ordered

relationships

and

patterned

expectations that guide social interactionand it is

fundamental to life in all societies.

STATUS
is an individuals position in society
may be assigned or earned
According to sociologists, status describes
the position a person occupies in a particular
setting.

TYPES OF STATUS
Ascribed Status assigned at birth. Gender and age are both

ascribed.

Achieved Status earned or chosen because people have a

degree of control and choice.

Master status affects/influences most other aspects of a

persons life.

ROLES
is the pattern of expected behavior attached to

a particular status.

is the set of norms, values, behaviors, and

personality characteristics attached to a

status.

SOCIAL INSTITUTION
is a stable cluster of values,
norms, statuses, roles, and groups
that develop around a basic social
need.

ROLE PERFORMANCE
Occurs when roles are put

into action through social

interaction.

SOCIAL INTERACTION
Social interaction is the

process of two or more

persons influencing each
others behavior.

SOCIOCULTURAL EVOLUTION

Is
the
tendency
for
societies social structures
and cultures to grow more
complex over time.

TYPES OF SOCIETY
1. Hunting and Gathering Societies
2. Pastoral

and

Horticultural

Societies
3. Agricultural Societies
4. Industrial Society
5. Postindustrial Society

HUNTING AND GATHERING

SOCIETIES
First type of society to emerge among
humans
Is one relying for its subsistence on
such wild animals and vegetation as
its members can hunt or gather.

2.A. PASTORAL SOCIETIES

Originated about 9,000 years ago.

Rely
on
its
subsistence
primarily on domesticated herd
animals.

2.B. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETIES

Originated about 9,000 years ago.

Rely
on
its
subsistence
primarily on the hoe cultivation of
domesticated plants.

AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY
Originated about 5,000- 6,000 years
ago.

Is
one
relying
for
its
subsistence primarily on the
cultivation of crops through the
use of plows and draft animals.

INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY
Originated about 250 years ago.

Is
one
relying
for
subsistence
primarily
mechanized production.

its
on

POST INDUSTRIAL SOCIETY

Originated around 1970.

Is
one
relying
for
subsistence primarily on
production
of
services
information

its
the
and