cAugmented Reality (AR)

cDefinition: Real-time,
interactive system
supplementing real world with
virtual objects to enhance
interaction & perception.
c Can be applied to sight, hearing,
touch, smell.
c Can add, remove, modify or hide
virtual objects.
c Initial research by Sutherland.
Coined by Boeing.
c Extensive research done at labs
like MRL and Arvika Consortium
c Conferences held annually.
 cisplays
Head-worn, Projection, Hand-held
cOptical see-through:-
Ñ ses a combiner - a half-silvered mirror that both
reflects and transmits light.
Ñ Allows user to see world
with full resolution.
Ñ Cheaper, Simpler, Safer.
Ñ
raphics overlaid not
opaque. Temporal &
resolution mismatch.
Small field of view.
 cisplays (Cont.)
cVideo see-through:-
Ñ ses video compositor to combine video and
graphics.
Ñ Everything focuses at
the same apparent distance
Ñ
raphics opaque, wide field
of view, temporal &
resolution match
cAdvanced techniques:
Eye-glass, Virtual retinal,
parallax-free, occlusive displays.
 c-racking and Registration
Registration
Ñ Correctly matching real & virtual world coordinates.
Ñ Static errors: distortion, tracking errors, misalignments
Ñ Dynamic errors: System delays
due to change in position/
orientation of user or augmented
object
-racking
Ñ ses magnetic, optical,
ultrasonic tracking.
Ñ Six-degrees-of-freedom.
Ñ Inertial sensors, accelerometers.
cGobile AR System (GARS)
Ñ Differential
S,
Kinematic
S
Ñ S/W making short-term
predictions where
S
does not work.
Ñ Wireless N/W, Laptops
Ñ Static & Dynamic
environments: Depth
map/detailed databases
Ñ Touring machine
developed at Columbia
niversity
 cAR-oolKit
Ñ sed in indoor environments where places
to be augmented in real world are
annotated by square markers.
Ñ ree software working on Linux, Windows,
Mac platforms.
Ñ Checks for video of real world for square
markers and augments virtual objects in
that area.
Ñ inal o/p shown back on display.
 cApplications
Gedical: Superimpose CAT/MRI or other medical images
during surgery, manuals for surgery.
Gilitary: sed in displays for training, virtual helicopters and
augmenting annotation information during wartime.
ngg. esign: VD Stenciling. sers
interacting with model collaboratively.
Gaintenance/Repair: Annotate info,
highlight parts, display manuals &
animation.
Consumer esign: See how furniture
would look, how a dress would fit,
a new hairstyle would look.
-ourism: rovide info, augmenting lost/damaged artifacts.