PREVENTION OF

DISEASES
CAUSED BY
HUMAN WASTE

GROUP 1
!!!
 EFFECTS OF IMPROPER
WASTE DISPOSAL

Improper waste disposal is one of the serious

health problems in the community.
Human waste carries different organisms
and parasites that causes communicable
diseases like hepatitis A, cholera,
gastroenteritis, typhoid fever,
schistosomiasis, dysentery, and diarrhea.
 According to the report of the Health
and Nutrition Center, Department of
Education, intestinal parasitism ranked
second among the 10 leading diseases
prevalent among schoolchildren.
Technologist elaborate in the project
Kontra Bulate para sa Kalusugan, it
was discovered that worm infestation
was higher among public elementary
schools.
 Health authorities say that worm infestation in
the Philippines is high-80%.
Worm infestation is serious and dangerous
disease because this may result in
malnutrition and other illness, like
pneumonitis, appendicitis, jaundice, and
pancreatitis.
Human waste can easily attract insects, like
flies, ants, cockroaches, and animals like dogs,
cats, chicken, pigs, and rats.
These insects and animals may carry
 KINDS OF TOILETS

SANITARY PIT PRIVY

WATER-SEALED TOILET
FLUSH TOILET
PUBLIC TOILET
 SANITARY PIT PRIVY

Is a pit dug into the ground with a depth 12

to 18 meters.
For the protection of the users, a structure
can be constructed around and on top, with
a floor, door, and seat to prevent the toilet
from becoming a breeding place for flies,
cockroaches, and animals.
 WATER-SEALED TOILET

Is a kind of t0ilet that uses water for flushing

. The water in the bowl prevents the flies
from breeding on the waste.
 FLUSH TOILET

Is commonly used in homes where there is

adequate supply of water. Its septic tank is
divided into two parts-0ne, where liquid
waste from the bowl goes and flows outside
the tank; and the other, where the solid
waste or sludge. Sludge when dried, is used
as fertilizer.
 PUBLIC TOILET

Commonly found in markets and

communities where there are no toilets in
the homes.
The pail system is usually used in the
public toilets. Pails are used as toilet bowls.
These pails are collected and the waste is
disposed of in a place free from insects
and animals.
 UNSANITARY TOILETS

If there are sanitary toilets, there are also

toilets that are unsanitary, like the overhang
latrine, cat-hole, and antipolo type.
Measures to Prevent the Spread of
Diseases caused by Human Waste
1. Maintain cleanliness of the toilet and its
surrounding.
2. Provide a covered waste can.
3. Avoid throwing sanitary napkins and other
garbage to prevent from being clogged and
emitting bad odor.
4. Use lysol or toilet deodorant to prevent bad
odor.
5. Avoid stepping on the sides of the bowl of
the toilet.
6. Always keep the bowl seat and the floor
clean and dry.
7. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and
water before and after eating.
8. Always trim and keep fingernails clean.
9. Use hand gloves or plastic when putting soil.
10.Avoid buying food from the street vendors.
11.Check if the seafood that you eat is safe.
12.Boil water for drinking for five minutes
before drinking.
13.Cover properly the food and other utensils in
the kitchen.
14.Build a strong body resistance against
sickness. Exercise, have adequate sleep, rest
and relax and eat nutritious food.
SANITARY
AND SAFE
FOOD
IMPORTANCE OF SANITARY AND
SAFE FOOD

Sanitary and safe food is important to the health

of every individual . Foods that are properly
prepared maintain the vitamins, minerals, and
other substances or nutrients needed by the body.
Good nutrition is closely related to health,
resistance against diseases and good physical and
mental skills and abilities.
If the food is not hygienic and safe, the food may
become a source of disease and poisoning, which
may lead to death.
 Food is a very good and fast medium for the
transfer of bacteria from one person to
another that lead to many diseases.
Ptomaine poisoning caused by a certain
toxic by the reaction of bacteria in decaying
meat, fruits and other foods. Food poisoning
that may result in death is botulism.
 Botulism is poisoning due to a certain kind
of bacterium (Clostridium botulinum) which
grows and multiply in canned goods.
Other poisonous foods include a certain
variety of mushrooms, mussel or shellfish,
and fishes that are caught in places where
there is red tide or caught through the use of
dynamite.
Vegetables and fruits may also be poisonous
if they are harvested from farms where
insecticides or pesticides have been used.
 PREVENTION OF FOOD
POISONING

Diseases and poisoning caused by food can

be prevent by giving importance to the
sanitary and safe preparation of food we eat.
It is necessary to know the source of food,
and ways of storing, preparing, delivering,
and serving of food.
 FOOD SOURCE

It is importance to know that the seafood

that we eat is safe from red tide and water
pollution and the fruits and vegetables
served during meals are harvested from
farms where chemical and human waste are
not used as fertilizers.
TIPS IN BUYING FOOD
Before buying look for the stamps on the
meat to check if health authorities have
inspected these.
When buying food, particularly canned and
bottled products, look for the expiration date
printed on the can bottled.
Check if it is a new stock, not rusty and the
can is not bulging or expanded.
To be sure , wash the food vey well with
clean water.
 FOOD STORAGE
Perishable food should be kept in a
refrigerator or icebox to prevent spoilage.
Thawed food should be cook immediately
and should not be returned to the freezer.
When keeping the food separate the dry
from wet to prevent spoilage.
Cover the food properly and keep them in
screened cabinets. When opening the
canned goods, never leave the remaining
container in the can. Transfer to the other
container ; and keep it in the icebox or ref.
 FOOD PREPARATION

The sanitary preparation of food is of great

importance.
proper and thorough washing of hands .
- the storage for food is secured from
insects, animals, and other pests.
- meat products should be cooked properly.
 Food handlers may be carriers of germs.
- handlers should undergo examination.
- a health certificate is issued to food
handlers.
- the handlers should use clean clothes,
having short and clean fingernails and fixing
the hair neatly with the use of hairnet.
 Sanitary delivery of food to the place where
it is needed and observed.
- food should be placed in clean, sanitary,
and properly covered utensils.
- estimate the time it will take to deliver the
food
- the temperature should be checked
 FOOD SERVICE

CONSIDERATION TO PREVENT FOOD

CONTAMINATION:
Use clean and sanitary utensils
Protect the food from pests
Provide serving spoons/forks for every food
serve
Remember that cleanliness is very important
in ensuring safety of food.
THATS ALL!!!
THANK YOU!!!

!!