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2.Translation the process of decoding the
messenger RNA (mRNA) molecule to a sequence of
amino acids (protein)

Transcription

Translation
The sequence of bases in an mRNA molecule serves
as instructions for the order in which amino acids are
joined to produce a polypeptide

Ribosomes decode the instructions by using codons,

sets of 3 bases that each code for 1 amino acid

Each codon is matched by an anticodon, or

complementary sequence on the tRNA (taxi cab) to
deliver the amino acids

Translation demo
Codon 3 consecutive nucleotides on
mRNA that code for a specific amino acid
Anticodon - the complementary 3
nucleotides on tRNA
 A codon chart is used to determine the
sequence of the amino acids in the polypeptide
The sets of 3 mRNA bases (codons) are used to
find the amino acid
http://www.safarikscience.org/biologyhome/7_dn
a/codon_question.png
Circle the codons from left to right
Which amino acids do the following codons
specify?
AUG = Methionine AAA = Lysine
UUC = Phenylalanine CUG = Leucine
AUG is the START codon. It tells RNA to START
translation. The amino acid that starts translation is
methionine.
*School starts in AUGust

UAA and UAG are the STOP Codons. They tell the
RNA to STOP translating.
http://207.207.4.198/pub/flash/26/transmenu_
s.swf
(very good animation!)