KOMPRESSOR

KOMPRESSOR
Alat yang dipakai untuk
menaikkan tekanan udara
dengan cara memampatkan
volumenya.
Kompresor yaitu pesawat/ mesin
yang berfungsi untuk
memampatkan atau menaikkan
tekanan atau memindahkan fluida
gas dari suatu tekanan statis
rendah ke keadaan tekanan statis
yang lebih tinggi

Dilihat dari cara kerjanya,

ada beberapa tipe
kompressor:
1. Kompressor torak
a. kerja tunggal
b. kerja ganda
2. Kompressor Rotary
Example of Centrifugal
Flow

Airflow being
forced around
body of
Centrifugal engine
Compressor

Intake airflow is being forced around

the outside perimeter of the engine.
 Example of Axial Flow

Multistage
Axial
Compress
or

Center
Shaft

Intake airflow is forced down the center

shaft of the engine.
 Example of
Combination Flow
Centrifugal
Compress
or

Intake Air
Flow
Axial
Compressor

Intake air flow is forced down the

center shaft initially by axially
compressor stages, and then forced
against engine perimeter by the
centrifugal compressor.
 Major Components of
Interest
Compressor
Axial
Centrifugal

Axial Compressor Centrifugal

Turbine Compressor
Axial
Radial
Centrifugal Compressor
Operation

Centrifugal compressors rotate ambient air about an

impeller. The impeller blades guide the airflow toward the
outer perimeter of the compressor assembly. The air
velocity is then increased as the rotational speed of the
impeller increases.
 Dynamic Surge
Occurs when the static (inlet) air
pressure rises past the design
characteristics of the
compressor.
When there is a reversal of
airflow from the compressor
causing a surge to propagate in
the engine.
Essentially, the flow is exhausted
out of the compressor, or front, of
the engine.
Result, is the compressor no Compressor Turbine
longer able to exhaust as quickly Inlet Exit
as air is being drawn in and a
bang occurs.
http://www.turbosolve.com/inde
 Tipe kompressor

dynamic displacement
compressor compressor

ejector centrifugal- axial-turbo

turbo

rotary reciprocating

single-rotor double-rotor

trunk crosshead free- labyrinth diaphragm

helical piston
vane liquid screw rotary
ring blower
Components of air
other gasses
oxygen 1%
21%

78%
nitrogen
 Tekanan

Force (F)
Pressure (p) = Equivalents
Area (A)
105 Pa = 1 bar
1 MPa = 10 bar

1 Newton (N) 1 hPa = 0,001 bar

1 Pascal (Pa) = Gauge pressure
1 m (A) 1 bar = 14,5 psi(g)
1 bar = 10197 mmWC
1N

1 bar = 750,062 Torr

A = 1 m2
TURBO KOMPRESSOR
INTERCOOLER
KOMPRESSOR KOMPRESSOR
CENTRIFUGAL ROTARY
ROTARY
ROTOR
SCREW KOMPRESSOR
Advantages of CompAir screw compressors
Compressed air generation with two rotating
screws

symmetrical
profile
asymmetric
profile

The world renowned

FAMILY SCREW COMPRESSOR
SCREW KOMPRESSOR
compressed
Construction: air
cooled fluid-air
fluid mixture

fluid
filter

hot fluid
 KOMPRESSOR BOLAK BALIK SATU TINGKAT
(IDEAL)
Salah satu jenis kompressor bolak balik
yang sederhana adalah adalah
kompressor dengan seluruh
kompressinya berlangsung dalam satu
selinder yang biasa disebut dengan
kompressor satu satu tingkat.

Dalam hal kompressor ideal diasumsikan

bahwa:
1. Tidak ada kerugian tekanan pada katup
masuk dan katup buang
2. Tekanan pada langkah isap dan langkah
buang adalah konstan
3. Kompressor tidak mempunyai ruang rugi
4. Seluruh proses kompressi berlangsung
pada satu selinder
 Reciprocating Compressor
Body # B,
the crank
(partially hidden) Body # C,
connecting rod Outlet
IB
load
C

MC Valve Open

A MOTION

Body # A, the flywheel Valve Closed

part of the load

System = Control Volume which contains

the gas being compressed.
Rotation
Inlet
KOMPRESSOR TORAK
Reciprocating
compressors
single / two stage

Note the - single / two stage

difference: - single acting / double acting

Installation: - portable
- stationary

Application: - trade 10 bar

(single stage) - boosters 35 bar
Reciprocating compressors
two stage inter-
cooling

Applications: trade, up to 15 bar

high pressure, up to 35 bar
 8 bar
1 bar absolute
Upper piston
clearance
(dead space)
top dead
centre
KOMPRESSOR TORAK
Double-acting
with crosshead

Application:
High pressure, up to 1000 bar
in combination with screw compressors.
Compression of gas
KOMPRESSOR TORAK KERJA GANDA
 Minimizing Compressor Work
2
wrev , in vdP
1

2
 Minimizing Compressor Work
(Open System + Ideal Gas)
2
Three compression processes:
w rev vdP
Isentropic (no cooling):Pvk = Constant 1
k 1

kR (T2 T1) kR T1 P 2
k

w 1 Pv RT
c o m p ,in
k 1 k 1 P1
RT
v
Polytropic (some cooling): Pvn = Constant P
n 1

n R (T2 T1) n R T1 P 2
n

w 1
c o m p ,i n
n 1 n 1 P1

Isothermal (maximum cooling): Pv =Constant
P2
w c o m p ,in R T ln
P1
Distribusi Compresor

Compressor Tanki Angin

Area

Line Produksi

Manometer
Pemakaian Compresor
1.Snaper (pengencangan baut) 2. Hoist

3. Base Roller 4. Spray angin 5. Spray Gun (anti rust)