The Communication Process

sender message

feedback receiver

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General Model of Communication

Sender Receiver
(source, Message
Encoding Decoding (reader,
speaker, InChannel
communicator) listener)

Feedback

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Forms of Communication skills

Verbal Communication
Non-verbal Communication
Written communication

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 Murphys law
Communication is rarely effective
Received in negative frame be positive
Filtering
Meta communication you hear what you
wish to
Mechanical distortions
If anything can go wrong , it will

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 Defining Business Com.
Persing defined it as
Spiraling process of transaction of meaning
through symbolic actions involving elements of
verbal, non verbal, written messages that are
internal & external to organization of paid people
working together to produce and market goods and
services for profit
Thus Business communication is

professionally contextual
professionally emotional
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driven by profit
 Business communications
It encodes and promotes

Strong academic/institutional/corporate culture

Coherent identity
Reasonable philosophy
Genuine sense of corporate citizenship
An appropriate and professional relationship with the press,
including quick, responsible ways of communicating in a crisis
Understanding of communication tools and technologies
Sophisticated approaches to global communications

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 Business communications
It is all about managing perceptions and ensuring:

Effective and timely dissemination of information

Positive image
Smooth and affirmative relationship with all
stakeholders

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 Internal communication
Formulates academic/corporate vision
Interprets policy objectives
Implements strategies
Achieves target
Disseminates information
Builds bridge
Public relation

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 External communication

Communicates with external agencies

Stakeholders
Helps collaboration
Publicity & Advertisement
Enhances Public image

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 Why we Misconstrue?

Lack of clarity in the message.

Translation from one language to another.
Lack of adequate vocabulary to express thoughts.
Uncertainty and hesitation when speaking with non-
Indians.
Cultural factors, mental blocks,
Lack of confidence, lack of fluency.

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 Effective Communication
Clarity of Thought: expressed through clear speech.
Voice Clarity: volume and speed.
Listening Ability: listen to understand.
Tone: what it represents, its appropriateness.
Body Language: intended to reinforce speech.

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 Barriers to communication

Environmental
(noise)
Psychological
Language/Semantics
Cross-cultural
Organisational
Gender

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 Psychological barrier
Selective perception-listening with half an ear
Inattentiveness poor retention
Not listening/reading b/w the lines
Interpretation of written word may be fallible
Halo effect- pre conceived notions
Power/status factor

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Semantics/Linguistics/language

It may inhibit understanding due to lack of

uniformity
Regionalism confusion/ Wrong interpretation
Accent hampers understanding
Brevity vs. exposition unclarified assumption
Lack of clarity & precision incoherent & dangling
Simple vs. elevated/specialized/technical
Credibility/charisma
Dramatization/Expressions
Non/Discriminatory S/he
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 Cultural barriers
Keep your eyes and ears open for it
It can have micro and macro implications
High context culture countries- China, Vietnam, Saudi
Arabia-
Low context culture countries- Europe & North America-
Enforceable contracts- highly legalistic, precisely worded

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 Superior subordinate
Shortage of time for employees
Lack of trust
Lack of consideration
Power grabbing
Wish to capture authority
Bypassing
Fear of being penalised

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 Summary of Region-based
Errors
V bite your lower lip
w - round your lips
Th should be soft
Sh and s dont interchange
Adding isss- before s sound is incorrect.
J sound is different from z, zh.
J and g sound are different.
Words that end with ed have a soft t or id ending sound.
Ending consonant sounds should not be harsh.
Long ee and short i vowel sounds- dont interchange.
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 Consonants - Correction
Techniques
P - Spoken gently, with a puff of air
C - Spoken gently, with a puff of air
T - Spoken gently, with a puff of air
D - No puff of air, but not harsh
V - Clear, teeth biting the lower lip
W - With rounded lip movement
Th - As in thank you Almost soundless
S - Using the teeth, not the palate.
Sh - Using the palate, not teeth
M - Using lips, not the palate
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 Syllable Stress

Only one syllable in a word gets stressed.

We stress the syllable in the following ways:
Say the stressed syllable slightly louder.
Hold the vowel sound a little longer.
Change the tone of your voice on that particular syllable.

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 Noun-Verb
Noun (First syllable stressed) Verb (second syllable
stressed)
Con/tract Con/tract
Con/tent Con/tent
Pro/duce Pro/duce
Im/port Im/port
Ex/port Ex/port
Re/fuse Re/fuse
Re/cord Re/cord
Con/duct Con/duct 20
 Intrapersonal Communication

Intrapersonal Communication
Helps develop sense of self
Helps to assess self concept.
Helps determine value of yourself
Helps identify how to communicate with
others
 Aspects of intrapersonal communication

Self-awareness
- determines how a person sees him or herself
- how they are oriented toward others
- involves three factors: beliefs, values and attitudes.
Perception
- creates an understanding of both oneself and ones
world
- creates awareness that ones perceptions of the outside
world are also rooted in beliefs, values and attitudes.
Expectations
- future-oriented messages dealing with long-term roles,
sometimes called life scripts.
 Self awareness
May be traced through self disclosure pattern:

Move in installments

Involves risk

Must be reciprocated
 Johari window
Known by self ASK-> Unknown by self

Open area Blind spot

Hidden area Unknown

area
 Self esteem

Celebrate your past

Let go of mistakes
Indulge in what makes you truly happy
Dive in your passion
Embrace your future
Believe in yourself
Listen to your ideas
Sing your own song
Live your life so you are proud of yourself
Appreciate your life
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