PRESENTATION ON

NUTRITION AND HEALTH

Submitted By:
Shubham Sharma
 Introduction

Your body needs to stay healthy, and the key thing for
health is nutrition.
Nutrition is defined as the science of food and its
relationship to health. It is concerned primarily with the
part played by the nutrients in the body growth,
development and maintenance.
The word Nutrient or food factor is used for specific
dietary constituents such as proteins, vitamins and
minerals.
Classification of foods
Classification by origin:
Foods of animal origin
Foods of vegetable origin

Classification by chemical composition:

Proteins
Fats
Carbohydrates
Vitamins
Minerals
Different Types of Nutrients
Proteins( Meat, Fish, Beans, Dairy products)
Carbohydrates( Whole Wheat, Grains, Potato)
Minerals
Fats
And the most important water
 Nutrients
Organic and inorganic complexes contained in food are called
nutrients. They are broadly divided into:
Macronutrients:
-proteins
-fats
-carbohydrates

Micronutrients:
-vitamins
-minerals
 Proteins
Large Molecules that contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,
and nitrogen
One molecule of protein is made of smaller units
(building blocks) called amino acids.
Your body only needs 20 amino acids to produce
thousands of protein cells.

Functions of Proteins
Body Building
It repairs and maintains the body tissues
It maintains osmotic pressure
 Carbohydrates
Main sources of energy for your body.
The atoms are held together by energy. When the carbohydrate
is broken down, this energy is released for your body.
There are three types of carbohydrates: sugar, starch and fiber.
Sugar is a simple carbohydrate, and starch and fiber are complex
carbohydrates.
The carbohydrate reserve (glycogen) of a human adult is about
500g. This reserve is rapidly exhausted when a man is fasting. If
the dietary carbohydrates do not meet the energy needs of the
body, protein and glycerol from dietary and endogenous sources
are used by the body to maintain glucose homeostasis.
 Minerals
Minerals are inorganic nutrients (nutrients that lack carbon and
cause many chemical reaction in your body).
About 20 minerals are used in your body.
Minerals send nerve impulses, build cells, regulate chemical
reactions in cells, and carry oxygen to body cells.
 Vitamins
Vitamins are a class of organic compounds categorized
as essential nutrients. They are required by the body in
a very small amounts. They fall in the category of
micronutrients.
Vitamins are divided in to two groups: fat soluble
vitamins- A, D, E and K and water soluble vitamins:
vitamins of the B-group and vitamin C.
There are two groups of vitamins: Water Soluble and Fat
Soluble. Water soluble vitamins dissolve in water, so
they are not stored in your body. This means you have
to take them daily. Fat soluble vitamins are dissolved
 Fats
Fats are NOT negative. In fact, they provide energy and
help your body absorb vitamins.
One gram of fat releases almost twice as much as
energy than one gram of carbohydrate does!
Two group of fats: saturated and unsaturated.
Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, and
saturated fats are solids in room temperature. Also,
saturated fats have been associated with high levels of
blood cholesterol.
 Water
Water is essential. Different organisms need different
amounts of water to survive!
The human body is about 60% water. You r body loses
water by perspiration. When you exhale, you lose water
as water vapor. Then, your nerves send a signal to your
brain for water. This is why you feel thirsty.
 Calories
If it wants to perform ANY activity, your body needs
energy. That energy comes from food. The energy
available in food is measured in Calories.
For example there is a big difference in the amount of
calories a slice of pizza and a carrot contains. One gives
more nutrition, and the other gives more energy.
 Cereals
Cereals (e.g. rice, wheat) constitute the bulk of the daily
diet. Rice is the staple food of more than half the human
race. Next to rice, wheat is the most important cereal.
Maize ranks next to rice and wheat in world
consumption. Maize is also used as food for cattle and
poultry because it is rich in fat, besides being cheaper
than rice or wheat.
 Conclusion
This lecture deals with the basic nutrients which include
proteins, carbohydrate, fats, vitamins and minerals.
The last slide show the practical application of how the
nutrients are present in our daily food and that to what
percent cereals are necessary a food.