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Text Linguistics: Is The Study of Text As A Product or As A Process
Text Linguistics: Is The Study of Text As A Product or As A Process
Text Linguistics: Is The Study of Text As A Product or As A Process
ISTHESTUDYOFTEXTASAPRODUCTORAS
APROCESS
Textasaproduct Textasaprocess
Cohesion
Coherence Textproduction
Topicalorganization Textreception
Illocutionarystructure Textinterpretation
Communicativefunctions
TEXTASACOMMUNICATIVE
OCCURRENCEMEETS:
7constructive
3regulativeprinciples
principlesof
ofcommunication
communication
Cohesion
Coherence
Intentionality
Efficiency
Acceptability
Effectiveness
Informativity Appropriateness
Situationality
Intertextuality
I.COHESIONFIRSTCONSTRUCTIVE
PRINCIPLEOFTEXTUALCOMMUNICATION
Lexical
GRAMMATICALCOHESION
CANBEOF4TYPES:
1.Reference
2.Substitution
3.Ellipsis
4.Conjunction
1.THEREARE2TYPESOF
REFERENCE:
Exophoricreferencerealizedbydeixis
Ex.Canyouseethat?
Endophoricreferencecanbedirect
(anaphora)andindirect(cataphora):
a)Anaphora
Ex.Threeblindmice,seehowtheyrun.
b)Cataphora
Ex.Iwouldneverbelieveit,hemademe
aproposal.
2.SUBSTITUTION
Nominalrealizedbyusageofone,the
same,once
Ex.Iwantfruiticecream./Iwantthesame.
Verbalrealizedbyusageofonlyoneverb
Ex.IcantspeakRussian,buthecan?
3.ELLIPSIS(OMITTIONOF
SMTH.)
Ex.Didyougetaten?
No,anine.
(No,Igotanine,notaten)
4.CONJUNCTION
Additiveor,thus,like,neither,
nor,and;
Adversativebut,however,ever,
insteadof,atanyrate;
Temporalthan,finally,until,
from,uptonow.
LEXICALCOHESION
Establishessemantic
connectednessthroughlexical
devices:repetition,synonymy,
collocation,paraphrasing,partial
recurrence.
II.COHERENCE
Continuityofsenseswhichkeepsthe
text together, that has to be
semantically and logically organized.
It is a network of relations that
organizes a text. Its also called the
generalaboutnessofatext.
.
Cohesionandcoherenceare
textcentrednotions.
Theotherfivestandardsof
textualityareusercentred
notins.
.
III.Intentionalityrelatestosenders
intentiontoproduceacohesive/coherent
text;
IV.Informativitytouchesuponthe
probabilityorexpectednessofatextinthe
givensituation;
V.Situationalityconcernstheproblem
ofmakingatextrelevanttoasituation;
VI.Acceptabilityconcernsthereceivers;
VII.Intertextualityisconcernedwith
thewaysinwhichusesoftextsdependon
knowledgeofother
REGULATIVEPRINCIPLESOF
TEXTUALCOMMUNICATION
1.Efficiencyrequiresthatatextshouldbe
usedwithaminimumeffort,thelanguage
mustbeeasyforproductionand
comprehension;
2.Effectivenesspresumesleavingastrong
impression,theuseofcreative,original
language;
3.Appropriatenessattemptstobalanceoff
thetwoaboveprinciplesbyseekingan
accordbetweenthetextsettingand
standardsoftextuality.