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Bab 11 Nutrisi Dan Makanan
Bab 11 Nutrisi Dan Makanan
http://www.fotosearch.com/photos-images/obese.html
66% dari orang dewasa Amerika kelebihan berat badan
Lebih dari 30% dari mereka kegemukan
Lebih dari 33% dari anak-anak kelebihan berat badan
Composition of
Human Body
Fats and Oils (Lipids)
Lipids: The class of compounds that includes edible solid and liquid (oil)
fats, cholesterol and other steroids
3R
Glycerol
Lipids: Oil vs. Solid Fat
Lauric Acid
Unsaturated Fatty Acid
Cholesterol:
- Component of cell membranes
- Most abundant steroid in the human body
- Essential component of cell membranes
-Important precursor molecule for the biosynthesis of other steroid
hormones and some vitamins
* Those with high values of LDL vs. HDL are at risk for heart
disease
Cholesterol and HDL vs. LDL
Cholesterol and HDL vs. LDL
SOAP
Physical Properties of Lipids:
LIPID BILAYER
Carbohydrates
Monosaccharides (simple
sugars): cannot be
converted into smaller
sugars by hydrolysis
Glucose Fructose
Quaternary
structure
Amino Acids and Proteins
Protein
Secondary
structure
Tertiary
structure
Amino Acids and Proteins
Secondary
structure
Peptide
Primary
structure
Amino Acids and Proteins
Protein Denaturation
Aspartame
Sucrose
OH
CH3
Vitamin A (Retinol)
The Vision Cycle
Electrical Sight
Photon of light Signal to Brain
11-cis
all trans
Rhodopsin (protien)
embeded in a cell
membrane.
Retinal (Retinaldehyde)
is the orange pigment
Essential for life and optimal health :
1. Used in the production of collagen
2. Used in the synthesis of
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
3. Oxidizing agent
Detoxifies peroxy radicals by a
transfer of an e- (reduction) to
form water.
Vitamin C
(L-Ascorbic acid)
2 HO
+ 2 H2O
Free
Radicals
Dehydroascorbic acid
Vitamin C
(Oxidized)
(L-Ascorbic acid)
R
Preserves: Free Radical
1. Food
1. Meats
2. Cosmetics
3. Pharmaceuticals
4. Humans
1. Carcinogen
2. Combat oxidative stress
Research:
1. Herpes simplex
2. AIDS
Radical spread around
compound making it more stable
?
> 852 million people undernourishe
95% in developing countries
1% in developed countries (2005 Report)
THE MAIN ISSUE IN SUSTAINABLE WORLD
ARE :
1. HUNGER
2. OBESITY
3. HEALTHY FOOD