TOPIC 2:

ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION

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 OBJECTIVES
At the end, students should:

Understand cosmological perception in

Islam. Memahami pandangan semesta Islam.
Explain the main concepts in Islamic
civilization. Menghuraikan Konsep Tamadun
Islam.
Understand the Jihad concept and its
role in Islam. Memahami konsep Jihad dan
peranannya dalam kebangkitan Tamadun Islam.
Analyze the development of Islam in
Malaysia. Menganalisis kebangkitan semula Islam
dan penerapannya di Malaysia.
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2.0. INTRODUCTION

To understand about
Islamic civilization. Untuk
memahami tamadun Islam

Understand about Islam is the way of

the meaning of life. Melihat/Mengkaji
Islam sebagai satu cara
civilization in Islam. hidup
Melihat/Mengkaji tamadun
dalam konteks Islam

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2.1 ISLAMIC WORLD VIEW (cosmological
perception )
Islam is also the teaching
brought by all prophets
since Adam a.s.

Islam is derived from the Arabic root

WHAT IS
ISLAM ?
( ) "Salema": peace, purity,

submission and obedience. In the religious

sense, Islam means submission to the will of
God and obedience to His law.
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 To place the will of Allah at the utmost level.

peace

pure

Surrender

Salama = salima
ISLAM

MEANING OF ISLAM 5
 2.1.2. FOUNDATION OF
ISLAMIC SYSTEM

Basic principles in Islm.

Prinsip-Prinsip Asas Islam

1. Aqidah/ Belief ()
2. Sharia / Laws ()
3. Akhlak / Ethics ()(
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2.1.3. Main Characteristics of Islam based on al-Quran
and as-Sunnah. Ciri-ciri Keistimewaan Islam
1. Rabbaniyyah / Godliness ()
2. Alamiyyah / Universal in diversity ()
3. Syumuliyyah / Complete/Comprehensive ()
4. Thabat wa Murunah / Fixed yet Flexible ( )
5. Waqiiyyah / Realistic ()
6. Inqilabiyyah / To Replace/Revolutionist ()
7. Tawazun / Balanced between material & spiritual
()
8. Wasatiyyah / Moderate ()

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1. Rabbaniyyah

Definition:
Islam comes from Allah. Man simply executes
what Allh orders or commands as the best he
can since he believe that getting Allhs
pleasures is his ultimate goal.
Ianya membawa erti bahawa Islam ini datangnya daripada Allah.
Manusia hanya sebagai pelaksana segala ketentuan yang ditetapkan

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Category of
Rabbaniyyah :
1. Rabbani in terms of goals and intentions
Ones intentions has to be specifically for Allh i.e. his/
her ultimate goal in life is to get Allahs pleasure.

2. Rabbani in terms approach and resources

Ones approach and resources should be based on the
divine revelations to Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w)

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2. Alamiyyah (Universal)

Definition:
The teaching of Islam is not for a certain race
or community but it is for all ummah from all
layers of society. this is why Islm is called as
universal religion.

Risalah Islam ditujukan untuk semua umat dan bangsa serta untuk
semua lapisan masyarakat. Ia bukan risalah untuk bangsa tertentu .

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Alamiyyah also means:

- Universal/ Suitable in the sense that the teachings of Islam

transcend across time, space and geographical boundaries. In
fact it never force anyone to embrace Islm.
- Applicable anywhere and anytime from past to the present and
the future.

Sesuai di semua tempat sama ada di Kutub Selatan,

Khatulistiwa dan sebagainya.Ia juga sesuai untuk semua zaman
sama ada zaman Rasulullah SAW atau zaman teknologi moden
yang canggih ini. Sesuai sampai ke hari qiamat.

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3. Syumuliyyah
Definition:
The teaching of Islam is complete and comprehensive.
The scope of Islam is all-encompassing with guidance for all
aspects of human life not excluding the smallest to the biggest of
human conduct.

Ajaran Islam lengkap dan menyeluruh. Ruang lingkup ajaran Islam

adalah mencakupi seluruh aspek kehidupan manusia tanpa kecuali
dari sekecil-kecil urusan sampailah ke sebesar-besar perkara.

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4. Thabat & Murunah
Definition:
Fixed and firm in principles and flexible in practice.

Tetap dari segi prinsip dan hukum tetapi anjal atau fleksibel dari
segi perlaksanaannya.

E.g. Solat/ prayer is an obligation to all Muslims (thabaat) but

its practice could be done in flexible ways such as by jama and
qasar for travellers.
Another situation: A Muslim who faces illness, he/ she can
pray by sitting, sleeping, etc.

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5. Waqiiyyah
Definition:
Islam is realistic.
Islam adalah mengikut realiti.

e.g: Islm recommend marriage and its also allows polygamy for
man ...

Contohnya: Manusia dari segi fitrahnya ingin hidup berpasangan, maka

Islam mensyariatkan perkahwinan bagi lelaki dan perempuan dan
berpoligami hanya bagi lelaki

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6. Inqilabiyyah
Definition:
Islam is revolutionist in positive sense. Islam should be
strictly practiced in all situations. It is clearly
distinguished and should not be intermingled with any
jahiliyyah practice or system.

Menegakkan Islam atas keruntuhan jahiliyyah. Islam tidak boleh

bercampur dengan jahiliyyah. Islam juga tidak boleh ditempel-
tempelkan pada sistem jahiliyyah. Islam menggantikan zaman
jahillyah

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7. Al-Tawazun
Definition:
Balanced and integrated state between spiritual and
physical (material) of the human life.

e.g. Struggle for properties for life, and at the same time pay the
zakat and give sedekah.

Kewujudan keseimbangan dan kesepaduan antara kehidupan rohani

dan jasmani.

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8. Al-Wasatiyyah
Definition:

1) Islam promote moderation. Keep it

everything in which lawful according to Syarak such wearing
clothes, eating, worship, pray etc in the justly balanced
situation/ stand, not too extremes and not too simple.
2) Manage your life in properly and good condition such as time
for study habit, eating habit, social life, sport etc.

Seimbang dalam melakukan setiap perkara yang diharuskan oleh

syarak seperti berpakaian, makan, melakukan ibadah sunat dan
seumpamanya.

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 2.2. CONCEPT OF ISLAMIC
CIVILIZATION. KONSEP TAMADUN ISLAM
Islamic civilization means

When the element of

humanity laid by
Allah becomes the
established
A Society Which utmost value in the
based on
Has Achieved Its society, then the
Islamic
Distinguished society can be
teachings
Moral Values and considered as Islamic
Culture Syed Qutb, & civilized society
Malik Bennabi,
-al Attas- -Syed Qutb
Prof. Richard
E. Sullivan Fi Zilalil Quran-

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 GENERAL OBJECTIVE
2.2.2.
OF ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION

To uphold Islm is
the way of life.

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 2.2.2. Sharia in Islm
divided into:
Islm
stresses 3 Develop relationship
main aspects with the God. Membina
in human hubungan antara manusia dengan
life, they are: Allah s.w.t

Develop Develop
relationship relationship
with human with the world/
beings. Membina nature. Membina
hubungan sesama hubungan antara
manusia manusia dengan alam/
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2.2.3. Maqasid Shariah as
manisfestation for Islamic
civilization.
Definition of Maqasid Shariah :
It refers to process in protecting 5 main things
shared by human beings: Religion, soul, mind,
descendents/ dignity and property. Its is the main
objective for Islamic laws revealed. Ia merupakan
tujuan utama shariah (perundangan) dalam Islam yang
melibatkan proses menjaga, memelihara, menjamin dan
melindungi 5 perkara utama iaitu Agama, Nyawa, Akal,
Maruah/Keturunan dan Harta.

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-In protecting religion
a)Doing all the obligatory deeds such as
performing solat/ prayer, and strengthening faith
(iman). Buat suruhan wajib spt tunaikan solat, kuatkan
iman dll. Ia juga wajib tinggalkan apa yang dilarang oleh
agama spt tidak murtad.
b)Protecting religion from been
deviated. Jaga/lindungi agama daripada dihina, difitnah,
dikeji oleh org Islam atau org bukan Islam.

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 2.2.3. MAQASID SHARIAH

1) Protecting
religion
3) Protecting mind
2) Protecting human
live/ soul

4 Protecting descendents/ 5) Protecting property

dignity.
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2.2.4. SOURCES IN ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION

Al-Quran.
Al-Sunnah.
Ijtihad
Qias
Ijma (Ulama consensus)
all cultures and civilizations
provided they are not
contradict to Islamic teachings.
Etc
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2.3. EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF
ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION
Beginning of Islamic Civilization
Islamic Civilization at prophethood time
(Prophet Muhammad SAW) & Khulafa al
Rasyidin.
During Umayyah /Abbasiyyah periods.
The spread and development of Islam to
Africa, Europe, India and Asian continental

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2.4.1 Factors that leaded to excellence of Islamic civilization
Upholding the teachings of al-Quran dan al-Sunnah (Insan
Rabbani- godliness individual generation).
Political stability.
Cooperation between the Muslims especially among their
Muslim scholars/ intellectuals and rulers. Kerjasama Para Ulama/ Cendikiawan
dengan Para Pemerintah yang membawa kepada galakan budaya nasihat, ilmu
pengetahuan, dsbnya.

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Right ideology held by the
Muslims based on al-Qurn
and as-Sunnah. Kefahaman Islam
yang tidak menyeleweng di kalangan
masyarakat Islam berpandukan al-Quran dan
as-Sunnah.
Knowledge culture among the
Muslims. Budaya ilmu dan membaca di kalangan
masyarakat Islam, bukan budaya hiburan.

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 2.4.3 Intellectual activities occurred in:

Economy.
Medicine.
Astronomy.
Math.
Architecture
Etc

2.4.2. Development of Islamic knowledge to Europeans

Diplomatic relation. Hubungan Diplomatik.

Translation activities.
Universities such as at Sicily.

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2.5. ISLAMIC CIVILIZATION DURING COLONIAL
ERA
Teaching and Learning. Sistem Pengajaran dan Pendidikan
Maas media especially newspaper: materialistic
generation - social problems.
Alien ideologies such sekularisme, capitalism, darwnism,
etc.

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2.6. JIHAD IN ISLAM

Jihad in upholding the

Islamic teachings.
Mempertahankan Kesucian Islam.
Jihad against lust/ bad
intention (Nafsu).

Jihad in education. Ilmu

dan pendidikan.
Etc
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2.7 Islamic development in Malaysia.

Cultivating Islamic values in the

administration. Penerapan Nilai-Nilai Islam
dalam Pentadbiran Islam Had.ari

Its application in economy

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2.8. CONCLUSION

Islam is a universal religion for all man kind. Its

emergence brought good changes to human beings and
the world whereby its teachings address a lot on good
values and behaviours.
Islamic civilization brought one distinguished civilization
to the world the history ever seen whereby its main
concept as the way of life gives a new dimension to
religion perception. It later on paved a way to
European renaissence and development.

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THANKS

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