Population growth and

Urbanization
Massive challenges, especially
inthedeveloping world, created
byanever-increasing number
ofhumans ontheplanet.
 Urbanization
Transformation of a society from a rural to an
urban one.

Urban population - Persons living in cities or

towns of 2,500 or more residents.

Urbanized area - One or more places and

the adjacent densely populated surrounding
area that together have a minimum population
of 50,000.

Mega-cities - Cities with 10 million residents

or more.
 It is estimated that theworld's
population will rise fromabout 7
billion today tobetween 8 billion
and11 billion by2050.
 Growing populations are also driving
another mega trend: urbanization
through migration.
In1800, less than 3 percent
ofthepopulation lived incities, yet
bytheend of2008, this had risen
tomore than 50 percent.
Urban Skyline
 Issues of urbanization
Population in Megacities affects
global health.
Growth of air travel,
migration,
refugees,
as well as the persistence of wars,
famine and natural disasters
 Problem offood,
water
andhealth
environmental problems
climate change.
 Issues of urbanization
Energy demands will thus increase, since supplies
offood, water andresources forindustries
andinfrastructure require energy
fortransportation.
Theassociated increased carbon emissions are
contributing toglobal warming andpose their own
climate risks. Theurban "heat island" effect means
temperatures are increasing about three times
faster than therate oftemperature rise over global
andnational land areas.
Themain risk formegacities oncoastal plains is
their increasing exposure torising sea levels
andriver flooding.
Thelarger theurban area, thegreater thedamage
that natural hazards can cause.
Andincreasingly, it may be impossible toprotect
life andproperty even if there is aperfect warning
system.
 Issues of urbanization
There are inadequate and unfit housing,
The poor condition of the environment often result to slums
There will be the disaster of homelessness, unplanned and
sprawl nature of city growth.
The phenomenal growth of our towns and cities has given rise
to conurbation and metropolitan areas,
with various planning problems such as traffic congestion,
slum, shanty towns, waste management, housing, pollution,
poverty and several others.
There is no doubt that the impact of rapid population growth
on housing development in a developing economy is usually a
consequence of the push of the rural areas and the pull of the
town.
Unplanned urban sprawl,
Environmental pollution,
Deterioration, deficiencies in modern basic facilities,
General urban decay.
increased poverty and urbanization exert more pressures on
urban facilities, most of cities tend to have lost their original
dignity, social cohesion and administrative efficiency.
Los Angeles Traffic
 Urban Housing Problems
Slums are concentrated areas of poor
housing and squalor in heavily
populated urban areas.

overcrowding,
little employment,
poor water,
sanitation,
health care services.