Also known as the Burgess model, based on Chicago

Typical of industrial cities

of early 20th century
most jobs were downtown or
in the fringe
rapid growth was fueled by
arrival of immigrants
Based on concepts of
invasion-and-succession
and housing filtering from
higher to lower income
groups.
 Proposed in 1939 Hoyts
Modifies Concentric zone by
adding transportation
pie-shaped wedges radiating
from city center
High-income areas along
fashionable boulevards or rail
lines, water, high ground, and far
from industry.
Industry radiates along river or
rail lines.
Low-income near industry.
Middle-income between low and
high income sectors.
 Developed in 1945 during Harris and Ullmans
early days of suburbanization
of shopping centers.
Downtown CBD is not the only
nucleus of nonresidential land
uses.
Alsospecialized districts like
retail, ports, manufacturing,
etc.
Functionallytied suburban
regions and suburban
downtowns
 Vances Urban Realms
Development from
multiple nuclei
model
Single urban
structure of the
past is
transformed into
a multicentered
model
several outlying
activity
concentrations
rival the Central
Business District
(CBD)
LATIN AMERICAN CITY MODEL
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA CITY MODEL