Cold working process

The plastic deformation of metals below the recrystallization

temperature is known as Cold Working.
The deformation is usually performed at room temperature, but mildly
elevated temperatures may be used to increase ductility and reduce
strength.

Cold Working Processes includes :

1. Shearing
2. Bending
3. Press Forming
4. Stretch Forming
The advantages of Cold Working compared to Hot
Working :

1. No heating is required.
2. Good surface finish of the component.
3. Superior dimensional control is achieved.
4. Product posses better reproducibility and
interchangeability.
5. Strength, fatigue and wear properties are all improved
through strain hardening.
6. Contamination problems are minimize.
7. An ideal method for increasing hardness of those
metals which do not respond to the heat treatment.
The disadvantages:
1. Higher forces are required to initiate and complete the
deformation.
2. Heavier and more powerful equipment and stronger tooling
are required.
3. Less ductility is available.
4. Metal surfaces must be clean and scale free.
5. Intermediate anneals may be required.
6. The imparted directional properties may be detrimental.
7. Undesirable residual stresses may be produced.