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Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Lung Cancer
Paraneoplastic Syndromes in Lung Cancer
syndromes in lung
cancer
Paraneoplastic syndromes are common
in lung cancer, and may be the first
manifestation of the disease or its
recurrence.
Paraneoplastic phenomena are not
related to the direct invasion,
obstruction, or metastasis.
Paraneoplastic syndromes in
lung Ca
Lung cancer and small-cell lung cancer
(SCLC) in particular is the most common
cancer to be associated with
paraneoplastic syndromes.
However, some paraneoplastic syndromes
are more often found in non-small-cell
lung cancer (NSCLC). For example
hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy
has most often been described in
association NSCLC
Note: some facts
The extent of paraneoplastic syndromes is
unrelated to the size of the primary tumour.
In some cases it may precede diagnosis of
malignancy
In other cases it may occur late in the
course of disease or may show up as the
first symptom of recurrence.
If lung cancer patientshave paraneoplastic
syndromes normally they suffer from only
one syndrome.
Endocrine syndromes
SIADH
Nonmetastatic
hypercalcemia
Cushing syndrome
Gynecomastia
Elevated levels of LSH and
FSH
Hypoglycemia
Hyperthyroidism
Carcinoid syndrome
Neurologic syndromes
Subacute sensory neuropathy
Mononeuritis multiplex
Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome
Encephalomyelitis
Necrotizing myelopathy
Cancer associated retinopathy
Opsoclonus-myoclonus
Some other syndromes
Skeletal syndromes
Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
Clubbing
Renal syndromes
Glomerulonephritis
Nephrotic syndrome
Metabolic syndromes
Lactic acidosis
Hypouricemia
Systemic syndromes
Cachexia
Fatigue
Fever
Collagen-vascular syndromes
Dermatomyositis and polymyositis
Vasculitis
Systemic lupus erythematosus
Cutaneous syndromes